Summarized fluorescence data of monomer (M), dimer (D) and higher aggregate (H) of merocyanine 1 in solution and in the solid state (A, B) at room temperature.

	Species	λem/nm	Δ Stokes/cm−1	τa/ns	ΦFl/%	kr/106 s−1	knr/106 s−1
CH2Cl2	Mb	587	1200	<0.2	0.23	>11.5g	>5000g
MCH	Dc	720	6000	7.6	2.3	3.0	129
	Hd	706	6800	11.5	4.5	3.9	83.1
Solid	Ae	710	—	2.3 (27%), 8.1 (73%)	4.9	—h	—h
	Bf	710	—	1.7 (28%), 5.1 (72%)	7.5	—h	—h

^aDecay curves can be found in Fig. S25, ESI.

^bc₀ = 7 × 10⁻⁷ M, OD = 0.08.

^cc₀ = 2 × 10⁻⁶ M, OD = 0.25; it was verified with a more dilute sample (OD < 0.03) that excitation spectrum is free of reabsorption effects.

^dc₀ = 1 × 10⁻³ M, OD = 0.9, front face setup.

^eFreeze-dried higher aggregate solution of 1 in cyclohexane (c₀ = 1 × 10⁻³ M).

^fSolid after evaporation of CH₂Cl₂ and drying in vacuo.

^gOnly a lower limit for k_r and k_nr is given, as the fluorescence lifetime is below the instrument response time of the TCSPC setup.

^hNot evaluated because the biexponential decay suggests the presence of a mixture of monomer-like and aggregate species.