Figure 7.

OT film-like organelles form thin translational microenvironments effectively equipping cells with two expanded genetic codes

Schematic illustration of independent protein translation microenvironments in cells. Here, thin film-like organelles are installed on the PM or ERM, and the amber codon is reassigned to a specific ncAA (X) for selected proteins. Simultaneously, a second OT film-like organelle is mounted on the OMM, reassigning the amber codon to a second ncAA (Y). Meanwhile, translation proceeds canonically in the cytoplasm and is terminated once the ribosome encounters the amber codon.