Table 1:

Laboratory abnormalities, signs, and symptoms of pregnancy and/or liver dysfunction

Sign, symptom, laboratory abnormality	Normal pregnancy	Liver dysfunction	Parturient with liver dysfunction
Glucose	−	−, then ↓	−, then ↓
Lactate	−	↑	↑
AST	− to ↓	↑	↑
ALT	− to ↓	↑	↑
ALP	− to ↓	↑	↑
GGT	−	↑	↑
Bilirubin and jaundice	−	↑	↑
Estrogen	↑	↑	↑↑
Progesterone	↑	↑	↑↑
Albumin	↓	↓	↓↓
Coagulation factors	− to ↑	↓/↑	↑/↓
CO2	↓	↓	↓

ALP: alkaline phosphatase; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; CO₂: carbon dioxide; GGT: gamma glutamyl transferase; − normal; ↓ decreased; ↑ increased; ↑/↓ mixed.