Table 2. Adjusted IRRs and 95% CIs for IHD according to the death of a child.
| Exposure | IHD | AMI | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rate* | Model 1† (N = 6,711,952) | Model 2‡ (N = 6,388,629) | Model 3⁋ (N = 4,512,391) | Rate* | Model 1† (N = 6,711,952) | Model 2‡ (N = 6,388,629) | Model 3⁋ (N = 4,512,391) | |||||||
| IRR (95% CI) | P | IRR (95% CI) | P | IRR (95% CI) | P | IRR (95% CI) | P | IRR (95% CI) | P | IRR (95% CI) | P | |||
| Unexposed | 222.5 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 108.7 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||
| All deaths | 418.4 | 1.21 (1.18–1.24) | <0.001 | 1.20 (1.18–1.23) | <0.001 | 1.21 (1.17–1.26) | <0.001 | 205.7 | 1.18 (1.15–1.22) | <0.001 | 1.21 (1.17–1.25) | <0.001 | 1.22 (1.16–1.28) | <0.001 |
| Cause of the child’s death | ||||||||||||||
| Death due to CVD | 688.3 | 1.29 (1.17–1.42) | <0.001 | 1.32 (1.20–1.46) | <0.001 | 1.28 (1.11–1.49) | <0.001 | 381.8 | 1.39 (1.22–1.58) | <0.001 | 1.45 (1.27–1.66) | <0.001 | 1.40 (1.16–1.68) | <0.001 |
| Other natural death | 375.8 | 1.22 (1.18–1.25) | <0.001 | 1.21 (1.18–1.25) | <0.001 | 1.20 (1.14–1.26) | <0.001 | 180.5 | 1.17 (1.12–1.21) | <0.001 | 1.18 (1.14–1.23) | <0.001 | 1.21 (1.13–1.30) | <0.001 |
| Unnatural death | 553.8 | 1.17 (1.12–1.23) | <0.001 | 1.17 (1.12–1.23) | <0.001 | 1.21 (1.15–1.28) | <0.001 | 281.3 | 1.19 (1.12–1.27) | <0.001 | 1.23 (1.15–1.31) | <0.001 | 1.21 (1.12–1.30) | <0.001 |
| Age of the deceased child at loss | ||||||||||||||
| ≤1 | 224.4 | 1.31 (1.25–1.37) | <0.001 | 1.28 (1.22–1.34) | <0.001 | 1.29 (1.20–1.40) | <0.001 | 101.3 | 1.23 (1.15–1.32) | <0.001 | 1.22 (1.14–1.31) | <0.001 | 1.26 (1.13–1.41) | <0.001 |
| 2–12 | 291.2 | 1.15 (1.07–1.23) | <0.001 | 1.12 (1.05–1.20) | <0.001 | 1.10 (0.98–1.24) | 0.115 | 133.3 | 1.08 (0.98–1.19) | 0.118 | 1.06 (0.97–1.17) | 0.213 | 1.14 (0.96–1.34) | 0.131 |
| 13–18 | 460.8 | 1.12 (1.04–1.21) | 0.003 | 1.11 (1.03–1.20) | 0.004 | 1.07 (0.96–1.21) | 0.228 | 213.2 | 1.06 (0.95–1.18) | 0.324 | 1.06 (0.95–1.18) | 0.285 | 1.07 (0.91–1.25) | 0.432 |
| 19–29 | 643.3 | 1.18 (1.14–1.23) | <0.001 | 1.18 (1.13–1.23) | <0.001 | 1.20 (1.13–1.27) | <0.001 | 318.6 | 1.18 (1.12–1.25) | <0.001 | 1.20 (1.13–1.27) | <0.001 | 1.17 (1.08–1.27) | <0.001 |
| >29 | 1035.1 | 1.22 (1.17–1.28) | <0.001 | 1.27 (1.21–1.34) | <0.001 | 1.27 (1.18–1.37) | <0.001 | 552.5 | 1.25 (1.18–1.34) | <0.001 | 1.35 (1.26–1.44) | <0.001 | 1.36 (1.24–1.49) | <0.001 |
| Number of remaining live children at loss | ||||||||||||||
| 0 | 228.2 | 1.19 (1.12–1.27) | <0.001 | 1.17 (1.10–1.25) | <0.001 | 1.24 (1.13–1.36) | <0.001 | 109.1 | 1.17 (1.07–1.28) | <0.001 | 1.17 (1.07–1.28) | <0.001 | 1.17 (1.02–1.34) | 0.026 |
| 1–2 | 417.4 | 1.15 (1.12–1.19) | <0.001 | 1.17 (1.14–1.21) | <0.001 | 1.17 (1.12–1.23) | <0.001 | 197.8 | 1.10 (1.05–1.15) | <0.001 | 1.14 (1.09–1.19) | <0.001 | 1.16 (1.09–1.24) | <0.001 |
| ≥3 | 722.7 | 1.37 (1.31–1.44) | <0.001 | 1.32 (1.26–1.38) | <0.001 | 1.28 (1.20–1.38) | <0.001 | 384.4 | 1.42 (1.34–1.51) | <0.001 | 1.40 (1.32–1.48) | <0.001 | 1.38 (1.26–1.50) | <0.001 |
AMI, acute myocardial infarction; CI, confidence interval; CVD, cardiovascular disease; IHD, ischemic heart disease; IRR, incidence rate ratio.
*Per 100,000 person-years.
†Model 1 was adjusted for age at follow-up.
‡Model 2 was adjusted for sex, age at follow-up, calendar year at follow-up, country of birth, educational attainment, history of psychiatric disorders and of CVDs at baseline.
⁋Model 3 was adjusted for sex, age at follow-up, calendar year at follow-up, country of birth, educational attainment, marital status at baseline, income at baseline, history of psychiatric disorders and of CVDs at baseline, parents’ history of CVDs, and siblings’ history of CVDs.