(A to C) Fundus photographs (top) and corresponding representative RPE sheet micrographs (bottom) of mice. Scale bars, 10 μm. Binary and morphometric quantification of RPE degeneration are shown. ***P < 0.001, Fisher’s exact test for binary; two-tailed t test for morphometry. PM, polymegethism [mean (SEM)]. RPE morphology after Alu cDNA or control administration in cGAS−/− mice (n = 6 to 8) (A) and catalytically null cGASGG198AA; SS199AA mice (n = 6) (B). (C) RPE morphology in WT mice after administration of Alu cDNA, 7SL cDNA, or a mutant form of Alu cDNA lacking a guanosine-rich ISM (Alu cDNAISM−). n = 6 to 8. (D to F) Immunoblotting of recombinant HIS-tagged cGAS using anti-HIS and anti-cGAS antibodies before (input) and after pull-down with anti–digoxigenin (DIG) antibody in the presence or absence of DIG-labeled or unlabeled competitor Alu cDNA (D), DIG-labeled or unlabeled competitor 7SL cDNA (E), or DIG-labeled or unlabeled competitor Alu cDNA lacking an ISM (Alu cDNAISM−) (F). Low- and high-exposure blots are presented in (E). (G) Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay quantification of cGAMP production by recombinant cGAS in the presence of Alu cDNA, 7SL cDNA, or Alu cDNAISM−. (H) qRT-PCR quantification of IFNB1 mRNA in human RPE cells transfected with Alu cDNA, 7SL cDNA, or Alu cDNAISM−. *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001, Mann-Whitney U test. The error bars in (G) and (H) represent the means ± SEM. (I) Immunoblots for pro-Casp4 and Casp4 p30 of human RPE cells transfected with Alu cDNA, 7SL cDNA, or Alu cDNAISM−.