TABLE 2.
Association Between Ketamine Use and Other Variables and ICU Delirium Occurrence
| Variables | Delirium Occurrence | |
|---|---|---|
| Adjusted OR (95% CI) | p | |
| Pre-ICU admission variables | ||
| Age | 1.03 (1.01–1.06) | < 0.01 |
| Modified Charlson Comorbidity Score | 1.08 (0.94–1.22) | 0.26 |
| ICU clinical variablesa | ||
| Ketamine exposure | 5.56 (1.09–28.65) | 0.04 |
| Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score | 1.09 (0.99–1.20) | 0.06 |
| Presence of coma | 2.10 (1.15–3.78) | 0.01 |
| Opioid exposure (IV or oral)b | 171.19 (66.45–553.68) | < 0.01 |
| Benzodiazepine exposure (IV or oral)c | 34.07 (8.12–235.34) | < 0.01 |
OR = odds ratio.
aPrior to delirium (or ICU discharge).
bAverage IV morphine equivalent dose ≥ 10 mg/d.
cAverage midazolam equivalent dose ≥ 5 mg/d.
Boldface entry indicates the primary result of this study.