Table 3.
ECMO outcomes among three cohorts with COVID-19
| Group A1 | Group A2 | Group B | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Last known patient status | 1182 | 2824 | 806 | ||
| Discharged | |||||
| To home or acute rehabilitation | 376 (32%) | 623 (22%) | 190 (24%) | ||
| To long-term acute care or unspecified location | 128 (11%) | 329 (12%) | 71 (9%) | ||
| To another hospital | 212 (18%) | 301 (11%) | 47 (6%) | ||
| Remain in the hospital, discharged from ICU | 2 (<1%) | 5 (<1%) | 1 (<1%) | ||
| Remain in the ICU | 16 (1%) | 78 (3%) | 22 (3%) | ||
| In-hospital death | 448 (38%) | 1488 (53%) | 475 (59%) | ||
| Select complications* | 494 (45%) | 1233 (52%) | 363 (54%) | ||
| CNS infraction | 7 (1%) | 53 (2%) | 8 (1%) | ||
| CNS haemorrhage | 68 (6%) | 196 (7%) | 42 (5%) | ||
| Haemolysis | 53 (5%) | 219 (8%) | 30 (4%) | ||
| Pump failure | 10 (1%) | 29 (1%) | 12 (2%) | ||
| Oxygen failure | 108 (9%) | 370 (13%) | 66 (8%) | ||
| Circuit change | 161 (14%) | 469 (17%) | 71 (9%) | ||
Data are n (%). Group A1 patients started ECMO on or before May 1, 2020, at early-adopting centres. Group A2 patients started ECMO between May 2 and Dec 31, 2020, at early-adopting centres. Group B patients started ECMO at late-adopting centres, which only provided ECMO for COVID-19 after May 1, 2020. Denominators for percentages are given in the footnotes when they differ from the last known patient status row. ECMO=extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. ICU=intensive care unit.
*
Group A1 n=1157, group A2 n=2767, group B n=782.