Table 9.
Standardized effects between latent variables and observed variables.
| Parameter | std. err. | t value | sig. | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RELIABILITY | |||||
| The information announced by the central government (homepage information, news, public relations magazines, etc.) | 0.880 | ||||
| The information announced by local governments (homepage information, news, public relations magazines, etc.) | 0.882 | 0.021 | 44.599 | *** | |
| Experts' opinions (through various channels) | 0.501 | 0.022 | 22.764 | *** | |
| Domestic news | 0.446 | 0.022 | 19.991 | *** | |
| Overseas news | 0.414 | 0.023 | 17.023 | *** | |
| Medical institutes | 0.537 | 0.021 | 25.448 | *** | |
| Workplaces/schools | 0.403 | 0.021 | 16.874 | *** | |
| SNS (Social Networking Service): Facebook, LINE, Twitter, WhatsApp, etc. | 0.070 | 0.024 | 2.994 | *** | |
| Search engines: Google, Yahoo, etc. | 0.212 | 0.022 | 8.855 | *** | |
| Personal social network: acquaintances, acquaintances, colleagues, etc. | 0.159 | 0.021 | 6.793 | *** | |
| RISK_PERCEPT | |||||
| The risk of infection in the whole of Japan is increasing | 0.902 | ||||
| The risk of infection in the residence prefecture is increasing | 0.873 | 0.038 | 28.662 | *** | |
| The risk of infection in the residence municipality is increasing | 0.897 | 0.042 | 26.614 | *** | |
| The risk of infection in the frequently-visited places (workplaces, schools, supermarkets, restaurants, gyms, etc.) is increasing | 0.529 | 0.039 | 15.778 | *** | |
| The risk of infection in a crowded train or bus is high | 0.433 | 0.030 | 16.628 | *** | |
| COVID-19 is a very horrific disease | 0.464 | 0.031 | 17.282 | *** | |
| The risk of infection of COVID-19 for oneself is high | 0.434 | 0.028 | 16.968 | *** | |
| The respondent is susceptible to seasonal flu | 0.212 | 0.027 | 9.667 | *** | |
| ATTD_CAPACITY | |||||
| (Expertise) Japanese health and medical institutions have sufficient expertise for COVID-19 | 0.722 | ||||
| (Expertise) The central government of the residence municipality has sufficient expertise for COVID-19 | 0.808 | 0.031 | 38.021 | *** | |
| (Expertise) The local government in the residence municipality place has sufficient expertise for COVID-19 | 0.796 | 0.030 | 37.810 | *** | |
| (Enthusiasm) Can feel the central government's enthusiasm in preventing the spread of COVID-19. | 0.836 | 0.047 | 28.777 | *** | |
| (Enthusiasm) Can feel the residence local government's enthusiasm in preventing the spread of COVID-19. | 0.838 | 0.045 | 30.404 | *** | |
| (Competence) The central government has a competent management system and measures to prevent the spread of COVID-19. | 0.839 | 0.044 | 29.898 | *** | |
| (Competence) The local government in the residence municipality has a competent management system and measures to prevent the spread of COVID-19. | 0.890 | 0.044 | 31.745 | *** | |
| (Trust) Can trust that Japanese health and medical institutions can prevent the spread of COVID-19 | 0.676 | 0.034 | 31.501 | *** | |
| (Trust) Can trust that the central government can prevent the spread of COVID-19 | 0.864 | 0.047 | 29.849 | *** | |
| (Trust) Can trust that the local government in the residence municipality can prevent the spread of COVID-19 | 0.860 | 0.043 | 31.331 | *** | |
| ATTD_PASS-LASTING | |||||
| L | Life needs | 0.668 | |||
| ASTING | Activity, Space, Time and Timing | 0.681 | 0.021 | 48.215 | *** |
| P | Prepare | 0.537 | 0.034 | 23.362 | *** |
| Protect | 0.700 | 0.033 | 29.392 | *** | |
| Provide | 0.563 | 0.038 | 24.308 | *** | |
| A | Avoid | 0.764 | 0.035 | 28.862 | *** |
| Adjust | 0.770 | 0.036 | 30.207 | *** | |
| S | Shift | 0.633 | 0.039 | 25.241 | *** |
| Share | 0.572 | 0.039 | 23.772 | *** | |
| S | Substitute | 0.697 | 0.036 | 27.711 | *** |
| Stop | 0.649 | 0.036 | 25.353 | *** | |
| ACCU_CHANGE | |||||
| Attendance/leaving time (commuting/returning time) became more flexible | 0.210 | ||||
| Decreased detour behavior after leaving company or school | 0.417 | 0.435 | 5.957 | *** | |
| More teleworking and studying at home | 0.290 | 0.280 | 5.638 | *** | |
| Less shopping in stores | 0.565 | 0.903 | 5.393 | *** | |
| Avoid going out to a crowded place | 0.691 | 0.746 | 5.484 | *** | |
| Avoid participating in activities at a closed space where there are direct contacts with people | 0.684 | 0.716 | 5.472 | *** | |
| Avoid talking to people at a close distance | 0.677 | 0.801 | 5.450 | *** | |
| Avoid visiting family | 0.574 | 0.860 | 5.416 | *** | |
| Avoid having visitors from places with severe infection | 0.551 | 0.709 | 5.404 | *** | |
| Travel by public transport decreased | 0.614 | 0.864 | 5.434 | *** | |
| Travel by car increased | 0.408 | 0.494 | 5.040 | *** | |
| Travel by walking and biking increased | 0.441 | 0.555 | 5.136 | *** | |
| Domestic travel decreased | 0.378 | 0.516 | 5.098 | *** | |
| Overseas travel decreased | 0.196 | 0.242 | 3.927 | *** | |
| RECENT_CHANGE | |||||
| Attendance/leaving time (commuting/returning time) became more flexible | 0.230 | ||||
| Decreased detour behavior after leaving company or school | 0.379 | 0.355 | 6.092 | *** | |
| More teleworking and studying at home | 0.290 | 0.275 | 5.652 | *** | |
| Less shopping in stores | 0.496 | 0.723 | 5.693 | *** | |
| Avoid going out to a crowded place | 0.637 | 0.758 | 5.848 | *** | |
| Avoid participating in activities at a closed space where there are direct contacts with people | 0.642 | 0.740 | 5.853 | *** | |
| Avoid talking to people at a close distance | 0.615 | 0.719 | 5.778 | *** | |
| Avoid visiting family | 0.580 | 0.813 | 5.783 | *** | |
| Avoid having visitors from places with severe infection | 0.550 | 0.671 | 5.785 | *** | |
| Travel by public transport decreased | 0.607 | 0.677 | 5.810 | *** | |
| Travel by car increased | 0.433 | 0.464 | 5.349 | *** | |
| Travel by walking and biking increased | 0.441 | 0.462 | 5.292 | *** | |
| Domestic travel decreased | 0.322 | 0.439 | 5.120 | *** | |
| Overseas travel decreased | 0.171 | 0.218 | 3.697 | *** | |