FIGURE 1.

Schematic of mainstream organoid culture in humans and mice and their multifaceted potential in the promotion of domestic and wild animals studies. Organoids, also known as “mini-organs,” are three-dimensional (3D) constructs that differentiate from stem cells to recapitulate cellular architecture and functionality of native organs. Multiple types of organoids have been cultured primarily in humans and mice, and they have profoundly revolutionized the research and practice in human medicine. Some types of organoid culture have also been validated in livestock species. However, these cultures must be extended for promoting research and production in agricultural animals. Collectively, organoid research in domestic animals will provide dual roles and dual benefits in promoting the wellbeing of both the animals and humans with several advantages. These advantages include reliable offal resources, easier handling regarding organ size when compared to that of a mouse, and more physiological similarity in modeling human organs. Animal organoid studies will reveal unknown species-specific prospects in terms of organ development, stem cell biology, mechanistic regulation at gene and cellular levels, and particularly disease modeling and host-pathogen interaction for epizootic and zoonotic viral infections. Created with BioRender.com.