TABLE 2.
Organoid cultures validated in domestic and wild animal species (Bourdon et al., 2021; Kar et al., 2021; Pain, 2021).
| Group/Species | Source tissues | Disease modeling? | References |
| Domestic | |||
| Canis lupus familiaris (Dog) | Skin (Keratinocyte) Prostate gland Urinary bladder Kidney Intestine Liver | N/A Prostate cancer Bladder cancer N/A N/A Copper storage disease | Wiener et al., 2018,Usui et al., 2017,Elbadawy et al., 2019,Chen et al., 2019,Powell and Behnke, 2017; Chandra et al., 2019,Nantasanti et al., 2015 |
| Felis catus (Cat) | Intestine Liver | Feline coronavirus (Tekes et al., 2020) Hepatic lipidosis/steatosis | Powell and Behnke, 2017; Tekes et al., 2020,Kruitwagen et al., 2017; Haaker et al., 2020 |
| Gallus gallus (Chicken) | Intestine | Protozoan (T. gondii) (Holthaus et al., 2021) | Pierzchalska et al., 2017; Powell and Behnke, 2017; Panek et al., 2018; Pierzchalska et al., 2018; Acharya et al., 2020; Holthaus et al., 2021 |
| Sus scrofa (Pig) | Esophagus submucosal gland Intestine Rectum Testicular tissue | N/A Lawsonia infection (Resende et al., 2020) Enteric coronavirus (Li et al., 2019a,b, 2020; Luo et al., 2020; Yin et al., 2020) Protozoan (T. gondii) (Holthaus et al., 2021) Crohn disease NA | von Furstenberg et al., 2017,Koltes and Gabler, 2016; van der Hee et al., 2018; Li et al., 2019a,b, 2020; Liu et al., 2020; Resende et al., 2020; Yin et al., 2020,Adegbola et al., 2017,Sakib et al., 2019; Vermeulen et al., 2019 |
| Bos Taurus (Cattle) | Intestine mammary gland | N/A N/A | Hamilton et al., 2018; Derricott et al., 2019; Topfer et al., 2019,Martignani et al., 2018 |
| Ovis aries (Sheep) | Intestine pancreatic duct | N/A Copper toxicity | Powell and Behnke, 2017 Liu et al., 2020 |
| Equus caballus (Horse) | Intestine endometrium | N/A N/A | Powell and Behnke, 2017; Stewart et al., 2018,Thompson et al., 2020 |
| Oryctolagus cuniculus (Rabbit) | Intestine | Rabbit calicivirus, but not productive | Kardia et al., 2021 |
| Wild | |||
| Rhinolophus sinicus (Horseshoe bat) | Intestine | SARS-CoV2/COVID-19 | Zhou et al., 2020 |
| Nine snake species | Snake venom glands | N/A | Post et al., 2020 |
| Dogfish shark | Rectal gland | N/A | Schwarz et al., 2015 |