Table 2.
Baseline characteristics grouped by endpoint status.
| Spironolactone continuation group | Spironolactone withdrawal group | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Not relapsed | Relapsed | P | Not relapsed | Relapsed | P | |
| (n = 26) | (n = 4) | (n = 17) | (n = 23) | |||
| Demographics | ||||||
| Age (years) | 55 ± 14 | 62 ± 10 | 0.31 | 50 ± 17 | 62 ± 15 | 0.02 |
| Male, n (%) | 21 (81) | 4 (100) | 0.34 | 15 (88) | 19 (83) | 0.62 |
| Clinical characteristics at initial diagnosis | ||||||
| Body surface area (m2) | 1.80 ± 0.27 | 1.94 ± 0.23 | 0.34 | 1.81 ± 0.19 | 1.79 ± 0.22 | 0.72 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 129 ± 24 | 137 ± 28 | 0.57 | 128 ± 24 | 134 ± 18 | 0.34 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 4 (15) | 2 (50) | 0.11 | 1 (6) | 7 (30) | 0.06 |
| Atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1.00 | 1 (6) | 1 (4) | 1.00 |
| Smoker, n (%) | 9 (35) | 2 (50) | 0.55 | 9 (53) | 11 (48) | 0.75 |
| NT-proBNP (pg/L) | 1,383 (566, 5,894) | 3,399 (1,615, 6,433) | 0.84 | 1,275 (782, 5,485) | 2,253 (1,294, 3,895) | 0.71 |
| Medications at discharge, n (%) | ||||||
| ACE inhibitor or ARB | 22 (85) | 4 (100) | 0.40 | 15 (88) | 21 (91) | 0.75 |
| β-blocker | 23 (89) | 4 (100) | 0.47 | 16 (94) | 22 (96) | 1.00 |
| MRA | 26 (100) | 4 (100) | 1.00 | 17 (100) | 23 (100) | 1.00 |
| Loop diuretic | 15 (58) | 3 (75) | 0.51 | 8 (47) | 11 (48) | 1.00 |
| ARNI | 3 (12) | 0 (4) | 0.47 | 2 (12) | 1 (4) | 0.38 |
| Echocardiogram at initial diagnosis | ||||||
| LVEF (%, Simpson) | 29 ± 5 | 33 ± 3 | 0.17 | 28 ± 6 | 32 ± 4 | 0.01 |
| LVEDD (mm) | 67 ± 7 | 66 ± 5 | 0.64 | 68 ± 9 | 64 ± 6 | 0.13 |
| LVEDV (ml) | 239 ± 58 | 222 ± 40 | 0.57 | 241 ± 66 | 212 ± 48 | 0.12 |
| LVEDVi (ml/m2) | 134 ± 31 | 117 ± 29 | 0.30 | 134 ± 38 | 119 ± 24 | 0.15 |
| LVESD (mm) | 57 ± 7 | 53 ± 7 | 0.35 | 58 ± 9 | 52 ± 6 | 0.02 |
| LVESV (ml) | 160 ± 50 | 138 ± 36 | 0.42 | 171 ± 57 | 132 ± 37 | 0.02 |
| LVESVi (ml/m2) | 90 ± 27 | 73 ± 23 | 0.25 | 95 ± 33 | 74 ± 18 | 0.01 |
| LVM (g) | 282 ± 86 | 277 ± 95 | 0.90 | 293 ± 76 | 265 ± 96 | 0.32 |
| LVMi (g/m2) | 157 ± 42 | 146 ± 58 | 0.64 | 162 ± 41 | 147 ± 40 | 0.25 |
Data are expressed as mean ± SD, median (interquartile range), or frequency counts (percentages), as appropriate.
SBP, systolic blood pressure; NT-proBNP, N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide; ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme; ARB, angiotensin-receptor blocker; MRA, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists; ARNI, angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor; LVEF, center ventricular ejection fraction; LVEDD, center ventricular end-diastolic diameter; LVESD, center ventricular end-systolic diameter; LVEDV, center ventricular end-diastolic volume; LVESV, center ventricular end-systolic volume; LVEDVi, LVEDV indexed by body surface area; LVESVi, LVESV indexed by body surface area; LVM, center ventricular mass; LVMi, LVM indexed by body surface area.