. 2021 Sep 16;8:694679. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2021.694679

Table 5B.

Non-essential amino acid (NEAA) composition (g amino acid/100 g protein) in flour of wheat, rye, and barley cultivars.

Cereal/cultivar	Asn + Asp	Gln + Glu	Ser	Gly	Arg	Ala	Tyr	Cys	Pro	NEAA
Wheat flour
HPW-42	3.77 ± 0.10^AB	37.17 ± 1.14^A	5.46 ± 0.58^AB	3.98 ± 0.16^A	4.68 ± 0.68^ABC	3.11 ± 0.31^AB	3.46 ± 0.34^ABCDE	1.43 ± 0.27^B	10.75 ± 2.42^ABCD	73.80 ± 0.32^A
HPW-147	4.15 ± 0.24^AB	39.95 ± 1.90^A	5.65 ± 0.31^A	4.14 ± 0.07^A	4.48 ± 0.39^ABC	3.06 ± 0.52^AB	3.45 ± 0.32^ABCDE	1.53 ± 0.18^AB	7.47 ± 1.41^D	73.87 ± 1.43^A
HPW-155	5.61 ± 0.31^AB	39.90 ± 0.26^A	4.79 ± 0.42^AB	3.07 ± 0.03^A	4.26 ± 0.09^BC	3.26 ± 0.62^A	2.98 ± 0.23^DE	1.54 ± 0.20^AB	8.33 ± 1.62^CD	73.73 ± 1.60^A
HPW-236	5.53 ± 1.41^AB	39.32 ± 1.21^A	5.17 ± 0.29^AB	3.27 ± 0.26^A	4.37 ± 0.24^BC	2.99 ± 0.23^AB	3.30 ± 0.25^BCDE	1.29 ± 0.16^B	8.87 ± 0.99^BCD	74.11 ± 0.25^A
HPW-249	3.60 ± 1.16^B	35.56 ± 1.33^A	4.59 ± 0.30^AB	3.36 ± 0.44^A	3.24 ± 0.43^C	2.02 ± 0.03^B	4.18 ± 0.37^A	1.59 ± 0.06^AB	14.07 ± 0.02^A	72.21 ± 1.03^AB
HPW-349	3.79 ± 0.63^AB	36.24 ± 1.02^A	5.08 ± 0.20^AB	3.95 ± 0.31^A	5.05 ± 0.87^ABC	3.18 ± 0.19^A	3.31 ± 0.13^BCDE	1.41 ± 0.22^B	12.68 ± 1.28^ABC	74.68 ± 1.01^A
Rye flour
MCTLG-1	5.85 ± 1.17^AB	25.45 ± 0.76^B	4.48 ± 0.20^AB	3.84 ± 0.17^A	6.24 ± 0.50^AB	3.91 ± 0.13^A	3.11 ± 0.12^CDE	2.30 ± 0.33^AB	13.83 ± 0.63^AB	69.01 ± 0.58^BC
MCTLG-2	5.36 ± 0.29^AB	27.87 ± 0.47^B	4.76 ± 0.62^AB	4.15 ± 0.52^A	5.90 ± 0.28^AB	4.07 ± 0.18^A	2.87 ± 0.16^E	1.83 ± 0.56^AB	12.69 ± 0.58^ABC	69.50 ± 0.12^BC
MCTLG-3	6.05 ± 1.10^AB	27.76 ± 0.29^B	4.73 ± 0.67^AB	4.16 ± 0.51^A	5.88 ± 0.54^AB	3.99 ± 0.29^A	2.80 ± 0.26^E	1.67 ± 0.33^AB	13.14 ± 1.61^ABC	70.177 ± 1.07^BC
MCTLG-4	6.60 ± 0.57^A	27.80 ± 1.06^B	4.68 ± 0.74^AB	4.11 ± 0.58^A	5.81 ± 0.43^AB	4.01 ± 0.27^A	2.87 ± 0.16^E	1.53 ± 0.14^AB	11.14 ± 2.54^ABCD	68.55 ± 0.88^C
MCTLG-5	6.28 ± 0.19^AB	26.52 ± 2.78^B	4.30 ± 0.04^AB	3.79 ± 0.25^A	6.50 ± 0.63^A	3.78 ± 0.29^A	3.10 ± 0.17^CDE	3.16 ± 0.97^A	12.36 ± 0.57^ABCD	69.79 ± 0.33^BC
Barley flour
BH-393	4.63 ± 0.01^AB	25.84 ± 0.82^B	4.42 ± 0.28^AB	4.02 ± 0.31^A	5.76 ± 0.54^AB	3.63 ± 0.17^A	4.10 ± 0.16^AB	2.68 ± 0.69^AB	11.99 ± 0.24^ABCD	67.06 ± 0.05^C
BH-902	6.03 ± 0.58^AB	27.33 ± 1.10^B	4.04 ± 0.03^AB	3.87 ± 0.52^A	5.51 ± 0.18^AB	3.59 ± 0.23^A	3.95 ± 0.05^ABC	1.04 ± 0.21^B	12.10 ± 0.40^ABCD	67.47 ± 1.29^C
BH-946	5.69 ± 0.10^AB	24.92 ± 0.06^B	4.30 ± 0.45^AB	3.91 ± 0.47^A	5.58 ± 0.29^AB	3.67 ± 0.12^A	3.91 ± 0.13^ABC	2.16 ± 0.04^AB	13.85 ± 0.81^AB	68.40 ± 0.54^C
BH-959	5.96 ± 0.28^AB	25.88 ± 1.42^B	3.93 ± 0.06^B	3.47 ± 0.16^A	5.59 ± 0.28^AB	3.43 ± 0.22^A	3.77 ± 0.04^ABCD	2.51 ± 0.54^AB	12.55 ± 0.99^ABCD	67.09 ± 0.49^C

Asn + Asp, asparagine + aspartic acid; Gln + Glu, glutamine + glutamic acid; Ser, serine; Gly, glycine; Arg, arginine; Ala, alanine; Tyr, tyrosine; Cys, cysteine; Pro, proline; TNEAA, total non-essential amino acid.

Mean ± SD with different superscripts in a column differ significantly (p ≤ 0.05); n = 3 for each treatment.