Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of 1,121 published cases of oromandibular dystonia.
| References | n | Etiology | Clinical characteristics* | BoNT trial (n) | Percent of cases reporting BoNT response** |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Blitzer et al. (23) | 20 | NR+ | NR | Yes (20) | 95% |
| Jankovic et al. (24) | 62 | NR | JC (NR), JO (NR) | Yes (62) | 73% |
| Hermanowicz and Truong (25) | 5 | NR | JO (20%), JC (80%), L (20%) | Yes (5) | 100% |
| Van den Bergh et al. (26) | 5 | NR | JO (80%), L (20%) | Yes (5) | 100% |
| Sankhla et al. (27) | 21 | NR | NR | Yes (21) | 68% |
| Tan and Jankovic (28) | 162 | Idiopathic (63%), Tardive (23%), Other (14%) | JO (22%), JC (53%), M (24%) | Yes (162) | 68% |
| Tan and Jankovic (16) | 116 | Idiopathic (79%) Tardive (21%) |
JO (23%), JC (49%), M (28%), L (20%) | Yes (116) | 100% |
| Bhattacharyya et al. (29) | 5 | NR | NR | Yes (5) | 100% |
| Adler et al. (30) | 5 | Idiopathic (100%) | JO (40%), JC (40%), M (20%) | Yes (5) | NR |
| Lo et al. (31) | 5 | Post-stroke (100%) | JC (100%) | Yes (5) | 33% |
| Wan et al. (32) | 12 | NR | NR | Yes (12) | 88% |
| Singer and Papapetropoulos (33) | 23 | NR | JO (52%), JC (48%) | Yes (23) | 65% |
| Lee (34) | 6 | NR | JC (50%), L (50%), P (67%) | Yes (2) | 100% |
| Rosales et al. (9) | 49 | X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism | JO (65%), JC (24%), M (12%) | Yes (49) | 100% |
| Merz et al. (35) | 30 | Idiopathic (83%)Other (17%) | JO (10%), JC (23%), M (33%), L (10%) | Yes (30) | 100% |
| Esper et al. (8) | 17 | Idiopathic (47%) Tardive (41%) Degenerative (6%) Post-infectious (6%) |
JO (53%), JC (18%), M (18%), L (100%) | Yes (9) | 78% |
| Teive et al. (36) | 5 | Wilson's disease (100%) | JO (100%) | Yes (5) | 100% |
| Sinclair et al. (37) | 59 | Idiopathic (91%)Tardive (9%) | JO (36%), JC (48%) M (16%), L (17%) | Yes (59) | 100% |
| Bakke et al. (38) | 21 | NR | JO (19%), JC (5%), M (43%) | N R | NR |
| Termsarasab et al. (14) | 41 | Idiopathic (100%) | M (63%), L (27%), P (5%) | Yes (18) | 12% |
| Moscovich et al. (39) | 8 | NR | M (100%) | Yes (8) | 100% |
| Teemul et al. (40) | 6 | Idiopathic (83%) Tardive (17%) |
M (100%) | Yes (6) | 83% |
| Nastasi et al. (41) | 30 | Idiopathic (73%) Tardive (13%) |
JO (53%), JC (17%), M (7%), L (100%), P (27%) | Yes (30) | 87% |
| Kreisler et al. (42) | 14 | NR | JO (21%), JC (36%), M (7%), P (29%) | Yes (7) | (All returned for repeat injections) |
| Slaim et al. (43) | 240 | Idiopathic (71%) Tardive (13%) Other (16%) |
JO (62%), JC (20%), M (27%), L (27%) | No | NR |
| Scorr et al. (11) | 18 | Idiopathic (83%) Tardive (17%) |
JO (50%), JC (17%), M (33%), L (33%), | Yes (18) | 100% |
| Yoshida (12) | 136 | Tardive (31%) | M (20%), L (100%) | Yes (136) | NR |
*
Jaw Opening (JO), Jaw Closing (JC), Mixed Jaw Phenomenology (M), Lingual (L), Perioral (P).
+
Not reported (NR).
**
Percentage does not indicate level of therapeutic effect, but percentage of cases reporting some therapeutic effect.