TABLE 3.
HBc interacting proteins listed together with the cellular processes or pathways in which they are involved.
| Protein interaction partner | Process | References |
| Filamin B | Interaction promotes replication. | Li et al., 2018 |
| Nucleophosmin | Promotion of capsid assembly. | Jeong et al., 2014 |
| APOBEC3B | Potential editing of DNA during reverse transcription. | Chen et al., 2018 |
| SRSF10 | Acts as a restriction factor that regulates HBV RNAs levels. | Chabrolles et al., 2020 |
| p70 ribosomal S6 kinase S6K1 | HBc modulates phosphorylation levels of S6K1. | Wang et al., 2021 |
| PRMT5 | Methylation of the cccDNA. | Zhang Y. et al., 2017 |
| Importin β | Capsid assembly. | Chen et al., 2016 |
| NIRF | Inhibition of infection. | Qian et al., 2015 |
| Hsp90 | Catalyzes the formation of the capsid by binding HBc dimers. | Shim et al., 2011 |
| hypermethylated in cancer 2 HIC2 | Unknown | Lin et al., 2006 |
| eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2 EEF2 | Unknown | Lin et al., 2006 |
| acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase 3 | Unknown | Lin et al., 2006 |
| DNA polymerase gamma POLG | Unknown | Lin et al., 2006 |
| putative translation initiation factor SUI | Unknown | Lin et al., 2006 |
| chemokine C-C motif receptor 5 | Unknown | Lin et al., 2006 |
| mitochondrial ribosomal protein L41 MRPL41 | Unknown | Lin et al., 2006 |
| kyot binding protein genes | Unknown | Lin et al., 2006 |
| RanBPM | Unknown | Lin et al., 2006 |
| HBeAg-binding protein 3 HBEBP3 | Unknown | Lin et al., 2006 |
| programmed cell death 2 PDCD2 | Unknown | Lin et al., 2006 |
| SP1 | Inhibition of anti-viral mechanism of Mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein MAVS. | Li et al., 2021 |
| coactivator cAMP response element CRE | aspecific interaction enhances the binding of the cAMP response element-binding protein CREB to CRE. | Xiang et al., 2015 |
| C12 protein | Unknown | Lu et al., 2005 |
| SRPK2 | Mediate HBV core protein phosphorylation, unknow role in viral infection. | Daub et al., 2002 |
| SRPK1 | Mediate HBV core protein phosphorylation, unknow role in viral infection. | Daub et al., 2002 |
| NXF1 | Involved in cellular trafficking of HBc | Yang et al., 2014 |
| TREX transcription/export complex | Involved in cellular trafficking of HBc | Yang et al., 2014 |
| BAF200C | Evasion of host anti-viral mechanisms. | Li et al., 2019 |
| BAF200 | Evasion of host anti-viral mechanisms. | Li et al., 2019 |
| Hsp70 | Promotes capsid formation. | Seo et al., 2018 |
| MxA | Immobilizes HBc in perinuclear compartiment, possible interference with capsid formation. | Li et al., 2012 |
| Hdj1 | Accelerated degradation of the viral core and HBx proteins | Shon et al., 2009 |
| hTid1 | Accelerated degradation of the viral core and HBx proteins | Shon et al., 2009 |
| Skeletal muscle and kidney enriched inositol phosphatase SKIP | Interaction induces HBV gene suppression. | Hung et al., 2009 |
| Atg12 | Modulation of authophagy. | Doring et al., 2018 |
| Np95/ICBP90-like RING finger protein NIRF | Potentially involved in maturation of the virus. | Qian et al., 2012 |
| PTPN3 | Supression of HBV gene expression. | Hsu et al., 2007 |
| APOBEC3G | APOBEC3G is potentially incorporated in the virion through this interaction. | Zhao et al., 2010 |
| PTPN3 | May be bound within the capsid, function unknown. | Genera et al., 2021 |
| PML | Link between DNA damage response and HBV replication. HBc co-localizes in PML-NBs. | Chung and Tsai, 2009 |
| HDAC1 | Link between DNA damage response and HBV replication. HBc co-localizes in PML-NBs. | Chung and Tsai, 2009 |
| GIPC1 | Unknown. | Razanskas and Sasnauskas, 2010 |
| Activation-induced cytidine deaminase AID | HBc is the link between AID and cccDNA. | Qiao et al., 2016 |
| Gamma-2 adaptin | Endosomal function and viral egress. | Rost et al., 2006 |
| Nedd4 | Virus production. | Rost et al., 2006 |
| ABP-276/278 | Affects viral replication via unknown mechanism. | Huang et al., 2000 |
| B23 | Unknown | Ludgate et al., 2011 |
| I2PP2A | Unknown | Ludgate et al., 2011 |
| APOBEC3B | APOBEC3B A3B displays dual inhibitory effects on HBV core-associated DNA synthesis. | Zhang et al., 2008 |
| Receptor of activated protein kinase C 1 RACK1 | Interference in normal TNF-a-regulated apoptosis. | Jia et al., 2015 |
| nucleophosmin B23 | Unknown | Lee et al., 2009 |
| CDK2 | Role in disassembly of the nucleocapsid. | Liu et al., 2021 |
| E2F1 | HBc reduced the DNA-binding ability of E2F1 to the binding site of the p53 promoter and respectively represses expression of p53. | Kwon and Rho, 2003 |
| SIRT7 | cccDNA expression modulation, HBc functions as a bridge between cccDNA and SIRT7. | Yu et al., 2021 |
| HBs | Interaction prevents nuclear translocation to HBc. | Zajakina et al., 2014 |