Table 3. Treatment Rates and Control Rate of LDL-C and Associated Characteristics by ASCVD Risk Groups.
| Characteristic | Treatment of LDL-C | Control of LDL-C | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Participants with high risk of ASCVD | Participants with established ASCVD | Participants with high risk of ASCVD | Participants with established ASCVD | |||||
| Prevalence, % (95% CI) | OR (95% CI)a | Prevalence, % (95% CI) | OR (95% CI)a | Prevalence, % (95% CI) | OR (95% CI)a | Prevalence, % (95% CI) | OR (95% CI)a | |
| Age, y | ||||||||
| 35-44 | 4.51 (4.09-4.94) | 1 [Reference] | 7.88 (6.73-9.03) | 1 [Reference] | 40.24 (39.23-41.25) | 1 [Reference] | 31.76 (29.76-33.75) | 1 [Reference] |
| 45-54 | 4.72 (4.54-4.89) | 1.10 (0.99-1.24) | 12.79 (12.17-13.4) | 1.47 (1.24-1.75) | 43.55 (43.14-43.96) | 1.15 (1.09-1.22) | 27.75 (26.93-28.57) | 0.74 (0.66-0.83) |
| 55-64 | 5.80 (5.65-5.95) | 1.34 (1.20-1.50) | 14.13 (13.71-14.54) | 1.47 (1.25-1.74) | 41.84 (41.52-42.17) | 1.11 (1.06-1.17) | 25.4 (24.88-25.92) | 0.62 (0.56-0.70) |
| 65-75 | 6.27 (6.09-6.44) | 1.49 (1.33-1.66) | 14.73 (14.32-15.14) | 1.46 (1.23-1.72) | 43.88 (43.52-44.24) | 1.19 (1.13-1.26) | 26.52 (26.01-27.04) | 0.63 (0.56-0.70) |
| Sex | ||||||||
| Male | 5.02 (4.89-5.15) | 1 [Reference] | 14.96 (14.58-15.35) | 1 [Reference] | 49.81 (49.51-50.11) | 1 [Reference] | 30.99 (30.5-31.49) | 1 [Reference] |
| Female | 6.19 (6.05-6.33) | 1.30 (1.25-1.35) | 13.04 (12.69-13.39) | 0.86 (0.82-0.91) | 36.47 (36.19-36.74) | 0.58 (0.56-0.59) | 22.22 (21.79-22.65) | 0.56 (0.53-0.58) |
| Marital status | ||||||||
| Not married | 5.89 (5.54-6.25) | 1 [Reference] | 13.35 (12.49-14.20) | 1 [Reference] | 41.95 (41.21-42.7) | 1 [Reference] | 24.29 (23.21-25.37) | 1 [Reference] |
| Married | 5.63 (5.53-5.73) | 1 (0.93-1.07) | 14.05 (13.78-14.33) | 1.08 (0.99-1.17) | 42.95 (42.74-43.16) | 1 (0.96-1.03) | 26.69 (26.34-27.04) | 1.02 (0.95-1.09) |
| Annual household income, yuanb | ||||||||
| ≤50 000 | 5.02 (4.91-5.13) | 1 [Reference] | 12.81 (12.53-13.09) | 1 [Reference] | 43.05 (42.81-43.29) | 1 [Reference] | 26.41 (26.04-26.78) | 1 [Reference] |
| >50 000 | 7.91 (7.65-8.16) | 1.35 (1.28-1.41) | 21.61 (20.79-22.44) | 1.25 (1.17-1.34) | 42.94 (42.47-43.41) | 1.01 (0.98-1.04) | 27.4 (26.51-28.3) | 1.09 (1.03-1.17) |
| Education level | ||||||||
| Lower than college | 5.47 (5.37-5.57) | 1 [Reference] | 13.63 (13.36-13.89) | 1 [Reference] | 42.71 (42.49-42.92) | 1 [Reference] | 26.37 (26.03-26.72) | 1 [Reference] |
| College or above | 7.96 (7.53-8.39) | 1.36 (1.27-1.46) | 19.39 (18.22-20.55) | 1.29 (1.18-1.42) | 45.34 (44.55-46.13) | 0.96 (0.92-1.00) | 27.78 (26.46-29.1) | 1.04 (0.95-1.13) |
| Occupation | ||||||||
| Not farmer | 6.65 (6.52-6.78) | 1 [Reference] | 16.71 (16.33-17.08) | 1 [Reference] | 42.92 (42.65-43.19) | 1 [Reference] | 25.27 (24.84-25.71) | 1 [Reference] |
| Farmer | 4.21 (4.09-4.34) | 0.68 (0.65-0.71) | 10.59 (10.25-10.93) | 0.72 (0.67-0.76) | 42.74 (42.43-43.06) | 0.98 (0.95-1.01) | 27.88 (27.38-28.38) | 1.00 (0.95-1.06) |
| Health insurance status | ||||||||
| Insured | 5.63 (5.54-5.73) | 1 [Reference] | 13.98 (13.72-14.24) | 1 [Reference] | 42.86 (42.65-43.06) | 1 [Reference] | 26.44 (26.11-26.77) | 1 [Reference] |
| Uninsured | 4.19 (2.64-5.74) | 0.76 (0.51-1.14) | 8.23 (3.94-12.51) | 0.68 (0.37-1.25) | 37.73 (33.99-41.48) | 0.91 (0.75-1.10) | 22.78 (16.24-29.33) | 1.09 (0.69-1.71) |
| Cardiovascular disease risk factor | ||||||||
| Current smoker | 5.02 (4.86-5.18) | NA | 13.22 (12.68-13.77) | 0.87 (0.82-0.93) | 49.21 (48.84-49.57) | NA | 28.87 (28.14-29.6) | 0.89 (0.85-0.94) |
| Current drinker | 5.66 (5.48-5.84) | NA | 14.70 (14.15-15.26) | 0.95 (0.89-1.01) | 47.17 (46.79-47.55) | NA | 27.28 (26.58-27.98) | 0.87 (0.83-0.92) |
| Diabetes | 7.19 (7.05-7.33) | NA | 22.36 (21.58-23.13) | 1.68 (1.59-1.78) | 52.9 (52.62-53.17) | NA | 29.22 (28.37-30.07) | 1.22 (1.15-1.28) |
| Obesity | 6.94 (6.73-7.15) | NA | 16.66 (16.06-17.26) | 1.23 (1.17-1.30) | 44.60 (44.19-45) | NA | 25.99 (25.28-26.7) | 0.99 (0.95-1.04) |
| Geographical region | ||||||||
| Western | 4.23 (4.07-4.38) | 1 [Reference] | 12.10 (11.65-12.55) | 1 [Reference] | 48.05 (47.66-48.44) | 1 [Reference] | 28.74 (28.12-29.37) | 1 [Reference] |
| Eastern | 5.23 (5.05-5.40) | 1.35 (1.28-1.43) | 12.48 (12.08-12.87) | 1.24 (1.12-1.37) | 45.24 (44.84-45.63) | 0.77 (0.74-0.81) | 26.60 (26.07-27.13) | 0.87 (0.81-0.93) |
| Central | 6.73 (6.58-6.88) | 1.54 (1.47-1.62) | 17.51 (17.00-18.01) | 1.81 (1.65-1.99) | 38.24 (37.94-38.54) | 0.58 (0.55-0.61) | 24.13 (23.57-24.7) | 0.76 (0.71-0.82) |
Abbreviations: ASCVD, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease; LDL-C, Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; NA, not applicable; OR, odds ratio.
a
ORs were derived from multivariable regression models and adjusted for all sociodemographic and clinical characteristics included in Table 1. We did not include smoking, alcohol use, obesity, and diabetes for model among participants with high risk of ASCVD because these variables were used to calculate risk of ASCVD.
b
The average conversion rate in 2019 was 6.91 yuan to $1.00 US.