Table 4.

Summary of differentially expressed miRNAs with their validated targets in somatotropinomas.

miRNA	Expression Levels	miRNA Profiling Platform	Biological Function	Target Genes	Reference
Exosomal miR-21-5p	↑	qPCR	Regulates osteoblast proliferation, collagen I and osteocalcin synthesis, and bone formation	/ 1	[58]
miR-34a and miR-145	↑	Microarray, qPCR	Regulates cell proliferation and GH secretion in vitro, but also mediates resistance to the antiproliferative and hormonal properties of octreotide	Gnai2	[60]
miR-125b-5p, miR-34a-5p, miR-188-3p, miR-210-5p, miR-27-5p miR-135a-5p, miR-199a-5p miR-211, miR-23a-3p, and miR-204-5p	↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓	qPCR	Involvement in mesenchymal stem cell commitment	/ 1	[61]
miR-23b and miR-107	↓	qPCR	/ 1	HMGA2 and AIP	[62]
let-7c-2, miR-23b, and miR-29c	↓	qPCR	Promotes cell proliferation	HMGA, IGF-1, and N-MYC	[63]
miR-34a	↓	qPCR	Promotes cell proliferation and inhibits cell apoptosis	SOX7	[64]

¹ / Data not reported.