Table 1. Baseline Patient Characteristics.
| Characteristic | No. (%) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Pain reprocessing therapy | Placebo | Usual care | |
| Demographic characteristics | |||
| Age, mean (SD), y | 42.6 (16.2) | 39.4 (14.9) | 41.3 (15.9) |
| Sex | |||
| Female | 29 (58) | 25 (49) | 27 (54) |
| Male | 21 (42) | 26 (51) | 23 (46) |
| Education | |||
| High school or less | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Some college | 11 (22) | 15 (29) | 15 (30) |
| College graduate | 39 (78) | 36 (71) | 35 (70) |
| Married | 26 (52) | 25 (49) | 30 (60) |
| Racea | |||
| American Indian or Alaskan Native | 0 | 0 | 1 (2) |
| Asian/Pacific Islander | 3 (6) | 2 (4) | 0 |
| Black (not of Hispanic origin) | 0 | 2 (4) | 1 (2) |
| White (not of Hispanic origin) | 46 (92) | 45 (88) | 43 (86) |
| Other or unknown | 1 (2) | 2 (4) | 5 (10) |
| Hispanic ethnicity | 0 | 2 (4) | 2 (4) |
| Employment status | |||
| Full-time (>30 h/wk) | 33 (66) | 26 (51) | 28 (56) |
| Part-time (5-30 h/wk) | 10 (20) | 12 (24) | 13 (26) |
| Unemployed/lightly employed (<5 h/wk) | 7 (14) | 13 (25) | 9 (18) |
| Subjective socioeconomic status, mean (SD), 1-1060 | 6.8 (1.8) | 6.4 (2.0) | 6.7 (1.6) |
| Exercise | |||
| Almost none | 6 (12) | 1 (2) | 4 (8) |
| 1 h/wk | 4 (8) | 7 (14) | 9 (18) |
| 3 h/wk | 17 (34) | 23 (45) | 14 (28) |
| 7 h/wk | 19 (38) | 18 (35) | 21 (42) |
| ≥14 h/wk | 4 (8) | 2 (4) | 2 (4) |
| Pain-related characteristics | |||
| Pain duration, mean (SD), y | 10.7 (9.7) | 8.9 (8.2) | 10.5 (8.9) |
| Current opioid use (yes/no) | 5 (10) | 2 (4) | 2 (4) |
| Pain in body sites besides back? | |||
| None | 5 (10) | 9 (18) | 4 (8) |
| A little | 29 (58) | 24 (47) | 28 (56) |
| A moderate amount | 11 (22) | 15 (29) | 16 (32) |
| A lot | 5 (10) | 3 (6) | 2 (4) |
a
Race and ethnicity were collected in accord with National Institutes of Health guidelines by multiple choice self-report.