Table 2. %TWL after the start of chemotherapy or chemoradiation in esophageal cancer patients in relation to nutritional procedure (intention-to-treat analysis). Kaiser Permanente Northern California, 2010–2017.

Median % total weight loss (%TWL)	Nutritional counseling with no procedure, N=307	J-tube, N=39	Stent, N=20	P value**
From index to 60 days later	5.9%	7.7%	11.7%	<0.01
From index to 120 days later	7.0%	4.3%	16.3%	0.01
From index to 180 days later	5.3%	3.6%	13.2%	0.03

*, follow-up for outcomes began on the index date (the date of starting neoadjuvant therapy) and ended on the earliest of surgery, transfer to hospice, death, or 180 days, with no patient disenrolling from the health plan by 180 days. The median time from the intervention to the start of therapy was 21 days for stent and 11 days for J-tube. The average number of weight measurements per patient was similar across groups (4.5 to 6.0 between diagnosis and index; 13.2 to 16.6 from index to the end of follow-up). The timing of interventions performed 1–10 days after the index date were coded using negative numbers. No patient disenrolled by 180 days. **, estimated from the Kruskal-Wallis test.