Table 1. Comparable analysis between MiTAR and TAR.
| Variables | Whole | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| MiTAR (N=57) | TAR (N=138) | P value | |
| Age (years), mean ± SD | 52.1±12.7 | 48.9±11.3 | 0.078 |
| Gender-male, n (%) | 42 (73.7) | 111 (80.4) | 0.298 |
| BMI (kg/m2), mean ± SD | 26.8±4.0 | 25.9±3.9 | 0.145 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 45 (78.9) | 107 (77.5) | 0.829 |
| Marfan syndrome, n (%) | 0 (0) | 3 (2.2) | 0.263 |
| DM, n (%) | 3 (5.3) | 5 (3.6) | 0.600 |
| Hypotension, n (%) | 6 (10.5) | 12 (8.7) | 0.689 |
| Tamponade, n (%) | 3 (5.3) | 13 (9.4) | 0.337 |
| Malperfusion, n (%) | |||
| Cerebral ischemia | 3 (5.3) | 6 (4.3) | 0.782 |
| Limb ischemia | 10 (17.5) | 18 (13.0) | 0.416 |
| Mesenteric ischemia | 1 (1.8) | 0 (0) | 0.586 |
| Myocardial ischemia | 2 (3.5) | 2 (1.4) | 0.357 |
| PIT location, n (%) | 0.974 | ||
| Ascending aorta | 22 (38.6) | 58 (42.0) | |
| Aortic arch-large curve | 0 (0) | 15 (10.9) | |
| Aortic arch-small curve | 35 (61.4) | 59 (42.8) | |
| Descending aorta | 0 (0) | 6 (4.3) | |
| CPB (min), mean ± SD | 209.3±71.7 | 267.1±67.6 | 0.000 |
| Clamp (min), mean ± SD | 147.9±43.3 | 190.0±46.0 | 0.000 |
| HCA (min), mean ± SD | 34.0±9.1 | 39.4±11.6 | 0.003 |
| Arterial cannulation, n (%) | |||
| Ascending aorta | 0 (0) | 1 (0.7) | 0.520 |
| Femoral artery | 12 (21.1) | 19 (13.8) | 0.207 |
| Axillary artery | 11 (19.3) | 10 (7.2) | 0.014 |
| Femoral + axillary artery | 34 (59.6) | 108 (78.3) | 0.008 |
| Root procedure, n (%) | 0.288 | ||
| Root reconstruction | 41 (71.9) | 108 (78.3) | |
| Bentall procedure | 11 (19.3) | 21 (15.2) | |
| Concomitant CABG, n (%) | 4 (7.1) | 12 (8.7) | 0.681 |
| Transfusion intraoperative, mean ± SD | |||
| RBC (units) | 5.9±2.5 | 8.5±2.7 | 0.000 |
| FFP (mL) | 758.3±243.2 | 930.4±211.9 | 0.000 |
| Platelets (units) | 12.5±5.4 | 17.5±4.8 | 0.000 |
| Cryoprecipitate (units) | 9.4±3.1 | 16.6±5.4 | 0.000 |
| Drainage during 24 hours (mL), mean ± SD | 553.2±370.5 | 874.8±260.9 | 0.000 |
| Mechanical ventilation (hours), mean ± SD | 37.6±45.1 | 59.4±102.1 | 0.141 |
| Re-intubation, n (%) | 3 (5.3) | 12 (8.7) | 0.414 |
| ICH, n (%) | 0 (0) | 3 (2.2) | 0.263 |
| Stroke, n (%) | 5 (8.8) | 9 (6.5) | 0.581 |
| Paraplegia, n (%) | 1 (1.8) | 4 (2.9) | 0.647 |
| ARF, n (%) | 19 (33.3) | 57 (41.3) | 0.300 |
| CRRT, n (%) | 7 (12.3) | 20 (14.5) | 0.685 |
| Re-exploration, n (%) | 0 (0) | 5 (3.6) | 0.146 |
| Hospital (days), mean ± SD | 18.4±11.5 | 19.6±10.0 | 0.492 |
| ICU (days), mean ± SD | 7.7±11.7 | 6.4±6.9 | 0.437 |
| 30-day mortality, n (%) | 4 (7.0) | 16 (11.6) | 0.339 |
MiTAR, modified island total arch replacement; TAR, total arch replacement; BMI, body mass index; DM, diabetic mellitus; CPB, cardiopulmonary bypass; HCA, hypothermic circulation arrest; CABG, coronary artery bypass graft; RBC, red blood cell; FFP, fresh frozen plasma; ICH, intracranial hemorrhage; ARF, acute renal failure; CRRT, continuous renal replacement therapy; ICU, intensive care unit; SD, standard deviation.