Scheme 2.

The step-by-step starving-photothermal therapy for distant or metastatic tumor. A Step1, Mild PTT was conducted on the primary tumor after injection of HAuNS-Met@MS, which could induce the release of tumor antigen (TA) and DAMPs and mediate the ICD of primary tumor cells. B The released TA and DAMPs could promote the activation of DCs and effector T cells. C Step2, 2DG was then injected into the primary tumor site after mild PTT to inhibit the glycolytic metabolism of tumor and stromal cells, which could decrease the activity of tumor cells and provide a favorable environment for Central memor CD8+ T cells (CD8 + TCMs) differentiation. D CD8 + TCMs was homing to LNs. E Step3, Mild PTT on primary tumor was conducted again, based on glycolytic inhibition and ICD enhancement, tumor cells were thoroughly ablated and the distal and metastatic tumor cells were hunted by activated T cells or re-activated CD8+ TCMs. F Eradication of distant / metastatic tumor