Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics in the Overall Population
| Parameter |
All (n=711) |
Early Extubation (n=133) |
Conventional Extubation (n=578) |
P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | 34.7±14.1 | 35±14.7 | 34.6±13.9 | >0.1 |
| Male | 384 (54) | 56 (42.1) | 328 (56.7) | 0.003* |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 25.3±5.4 | 24.5±4.5 | 25.5±5.6 | 0.09 |
| Complexity | ||||
| Simple | 150 (21.1) | 24 (18) | 126 (21.8) | >0.1 |
| Moderate | 451 (63.4) | 90 (67.7) | 361 (62.5) | |
| Great | 110 (15.5) | 19 (14.3) | 91 (15.7) | |
| NYHA class | ||||
| I/II | 595 (83.7) | 121 (91) | 474 (82) | 0.02* |
| III/IV | 116 (16.3) | 12(9) | 104 (18) | |
| Systemic ventricular function | ||||
| Normal | 644 (90.6) | 126 (94.7) | 518 (89.6) | 0.02* |
| Mildly impaired | 10 (1.4) | 4 (3) | 6 (1) | |
| Moderately impaired | 54 (7.6) | 3 (2.3) | 51 (8.8) | |
| Severely impaired | 3 (0.4) | 0 | 3 (0.5) | |
| Pulmonary hypertension† | 155 (21.8) | 28 (21.1) | 127 (22) | >0.1 |
| Hemoglobin, g/L | 140±16 | 139±15 | 140±16 | >0.1 |
| eGFR, mL/min | 100 (21–245) | 99 (49–165) | 100 (21–245) | >0.1 |
| Redo sternotomy | 388 (54.6) | 54 (40.6) | 334 (57.8) | 0.0005* |
| Procedure duration, h | 5.3 (2.3–23.4) | 4.6 (2.4–8.2) | 5.5 (2.3–23.4) | <0.0001* |
| Elective surgery | 669 (94.1) | 129 (97) | 540 (93.4) | 0.54 |
Data are presented as number (percentage), mean±SD, or median (range). BMI indicates body mass index; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; and NYHA, New York Heart Association.
*
P<0.05.
†
Pulmonary hypertension defined as a pulmonary artery systolic pressure ≥31 mmHg on echocardiography.