TABLE 1.
Sex-related genes identified in Pneumocystis species
| Role | Gene name (alternate) | Gene ID |
S. pombe putative ortholog |
Reference(s) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P. jirovecii | P. carinii | P. murina | Gene ID | Function | |||
| Mating-type locus | matMc | T551_02162 | T552_02831 | PNEG_02275 | SPBC1711.02 | Expression of M-specific genes | 22, 24, 25 |
| matPi | T551_02159 | T552_02829 | PNEG_02373 | SPMTR.02 | Expression of mei3, required for meiosis | 24, 25 | |
| matMi | Supercontig 9: 23185–23497+ | Supercontig 13: 81309–81521+ (24) or 81264–81476+ (25) | Supercontig 13: 81097–81427+ | SPBC1711.01c | Expression of mei3, required for meiosis | 24, 25 | |
| Signal transmission | ste12 (fab1) | T551_03275 | T552_00248 | PNEG_03088 | SPBC3E7.01 | Secretion of pheromones | 24 |
| mam1 | T551_03503 | T552_00261 | PNEG_03100 | SPBC25B2.02c | Export of M-pheromone | 24 | |
| mam2 | T551_00015 | T552_02343 | PNEG_03148 | SPAC11H11.04 | Response to P-pheromone | 23 – 25 | |
| map3 (ste3) | T551_02750 | T552_00176 | PNEG_03013 | SPAC3F10.10c | Response to M-pheromone | 15, 23–25 | |
| Signal transduction | ste11 | T551_02014 | T552_02504 | PNEG_02134 | SPBC32C12.02 | Expression of MAT genes | 14, 23, 24 |
| cdc42 | T551_02552 | T552_03168 | PNEG_01785 | SPAC110.03 | Development of cell polarity | 24, 25 | |
| byr1 | T551_02571 | T552_03147 | PNEG_01806 | SPAC1D4.13 | Regulation of sexual differentiation and conjugation | 24 | |
| byr2 (ste8) | T551_00958 | T552_01502 | PNEG_00717 | SPBC1D7.05 | Regulation of conjugation | 24, 25 | |
| gap1 | T551_02909 | T552_04103 | PNEG_00245 | SPBC646.12c | Regulation of cell morphogenesis during conjugation | 24 | |
| gpa1 | T551_00018 | T552_02341 | PNEG_03151 | SPBC24C6.06 | Regulation of pheromone signaling | 24 | |
| ral2 | T551_01782 | T552_03378 | PNEG_03376 | SPBC21.05c | Regulation of pheromone signaling | 24 | |
| ras1 | T551_03115 | T552_00578 | PNEG_00279 | SPAC17H9.09c | Regulation of pheromone signaling | 24 | |
| shk1 (ste20) | T551_02174 | T552_03023 | PNEG_03507 | SPBC1604.14c | Regulation of pheromone signaling | 24, 25 | |
| spk1 (fus3) | T551_02467 | T552_02142 | PNEG_03249 | SPAC31G5.09c | Regulation of pheromone signaling | 23 – 25 | |
| tim10 | T551_03530 | T552_01369 | PNEG_00015 | SPAC232.03c | Regulation of pheromone signaling | 25 | |
| git11 (ste18) | T551_00557 | T552_01736 | PNEG_02719 | SPBC215.04 | Regulation of pheromone signaling | 25 | |
| git5 (gpb1) | T551_00090 | T552_00915 | PNEG_01572 | SPBC32H8.07 | Regulation of pheromone signaling | 25 | |
| ste4 | T551_01873 | T552_01857 | PNEG_02045 | SPAC1565.04c | Regulation of pheromone signaling | 25 | |
| ste6 | T551_02045 | T552_00858 | PNEG_01634 | SPCC1442.01 | Positive regulation of pheromone signaling | 24 | |
| rgs1 | T551_01456 | T552_01691 | PNEG_02767 | SPAC23F3.12c | Negative regulation of pheromone signaling | 24, 25 | |
| scd1 | T551_02407 | T552_03331 | PNEG_03360 | SPAC16E8.09 | Regulation of cell shape | 24, 25 | |
| scd2 | T551_02328 | T552_03072 | PNEG_03558 | SPAC23H10.07 | Regulation of cell shape | 24, 25 | |
| zfs1 (moc4) | T551_01998 | T552_01981 | PNEG_01914 | SPBC1718.07c | Regulation of cell shape | 24 | |
| Signal regulation | map1 | T551_01436 | T552_02410 | PNEG_00576 | SPAC11E3.06 | Expression of P-specific genes | 24 |
| bob1 (pfd5) | T551_01168 | T552_02444 | PNEG_02075 | SPBC215.02 | Regulation of sexual differentiation | 24 | |
| cdc2 | T551_01094 | T552_00498 | PNEG_00359 | SPBC11B10.09 | Negative regulation of mitotic to meiotic cycle | 24 | |
| Mating process | cwp1 (ram2) | T551_01863 | T552_01846 | PNEG_02057 | SPAPB1A10.04c | Sexual pheromone maturation | 25 |
| kex1 | T551_02518 | T552_01067 | PNEG_01420 | SPBC16G5.09 | Sexual pheromone maturation | 25 | |
| kex2 | T551_03487 | T552_04260 | PNEG_00129 | SPAC23E12.09c | Sexual pheromone maturation | 25 | |
| dpp2 | T551_03591 | Not detected | Not detected | SPACUNK4.08 | Sexual pheromone maturation | 25 | |
| iph1 | T551_03640 | T552_02967 | PNEG_03454 | SPACUNK4.12c | Sexual pheromone maturation | 25 | |
| rce1 | T551_02384 | T552_02990 | PNEG_03476 | SPAC1687.02 | Sexual pheromone maturation | 25 | |
| ste24 | T551_02959 | T552_04168 | PNEG_02341 | SPAC3H1.05 | Sexual pheromone maturation | 25 | |
| cpp1 (ram1) | T551_02704 | T552_03212 | PNEG_01739 | SPAC17G6.04c | Sexual pheromone maturation | 25 | |
| mam4 (ste14) | T551_02897 | T552_01163 | PNEG_00234 | SPAC10F6.12c | Sexual pheromone maturation | 25 | |
| pmd1 | T551_03503 | T552_00261 | PNEG_03100 | SPCC663.03 | Sexual pheromone export | 25 | |
| Cell-cell fusion | fus1 | T551_03421 | T552_02692 | PNEG_02523 | SPAC20G4.02c | Cytoplasmic membrane fusion | 24 |
| prm1 | T551_03460 | T552_00209 | PNEG_03049 | SPAP7G5.03 | Cytoplasmic membrane fusion | 24 | |
| cfr1 | T551_03398 | T552_02419 | PNEG_00567 | SPAC6G9.12 | Cytoplasmic membrane fusion | 24 | |
| Karyogamy | tht1 (kar5) | T551_03047 | T552_03361 | PNEG_03392 | SPAC13C5.03 | Nuclear membrane fusion | 25 |
| pkl1 (kar3) | T551_01305 | T552_02382 | PNEG_02951 | SPAC3A11.14c | Nuclear membrane fusion | 25 | |
| mal3 (bim1) | T551_00265 | T552_00117 | PNEG_01219 | SPAC18G6.15 | Nuclear membrane fusion | 25 | |
| bip1 (kar2) | T551_03062 | T552_03346 | PNEG_03406 | SPAC23A12.15c | Nuclear membrane fusion | 25 | |
| Meiosis | dmc1 | T551_00146 | T552_01043 | PNEG_01443 | SPAC8E11.03c | Meiotic recombination | 16, 24, 25 |
| rad51 (rhp51) | T551_03070 | T552_03387 | PNEG_03414 | SPAC644.14c | Meiotic strand invasion and exchange | 18, 24, 25 | |
| mei2 | T551_03162 | T552_02431 | PNEG_02898 | SPAC27D7.03c | Commitment to meiosis | 17, 24 | |
| ran1 (pat1) | T551_02982 | T552_00659 | PNEG_01031 | SPBC19C2.05 | Repression of sexual conjugation | 24 | |
| srw1 (ste9) | T551_00377 | T552_01429 | PNEG_00790 | SPAC144.13c | Regulation of meiotic metaphase | 24 | |
| rec12 (spo11) | T551_00124 | T552_00948 | PNEG_01539 | SPAC17A5.11 | Initiation of meiotic recombination | 25 | |
| mcp7 (mnd1) | T551_02965 | T552_02592 | PNEG_02325 | SPAC13A11.03 | Recombinase | 25 | |
| hop1 | T551_02693 | T552_03234 | PNEG_01729 | SPBC1718.02 | Meiotic chromosome synapsis | 25 | |
| meu13 (hop2) | T551_02448 | T552_02162 | PNEG_03219 | SPAC232.15 | Meiotic chromosome pairing | 25 | |
| rec8 | T551_00216 | T552_02404 | PNEG_00582 | SPBC29A10.14 | Meiotic sister chromatid cohesion | 25 | |
| MAT locus silencing | chp2 | T551_03054 | T552_03354 | PNEG_03399 | SPBC16C6.10 | Heterochromatin assembly | 24 |
| cul4 (pcu4) | T551_01564 | T552_00671 | PNEG_01020 | SPAC3A11.08 | Heterochromatin assembly | 24 | |
| hip1 (hir1) | T551_01243 | T552_02514 | PNEG_02145 | SPBC31F10.13c | Heterochromatin assembly | 24 | |
| hpc2 | T551_02364 | T552_02145 | PNEG_03236 | SPBC947.08c | Heterochromatin assembly | 24 | |
| hrk1 | T551_01486 | T552_01661 | PNEG_02797 | SPAC23C4.03 | Heterochromatin assembly | 24 | |
| hrp3 | T551_02019 | T552_02498 | PNEG_02128 | SPAC3G6.01 | Heterochromatin assembly | 24 | |
| mit1 | T551_02073 | T552_02028 | PNEG_01867 | SPBP35G2.10 | Heterochromatin assembly | 24 | |
| pip1 (rbx1) | T551_00033 | T552_03469 | PNEG_01300 | SPAC23H4.18c | Heterochromatin assembly | 24 | |
| pob3 | T551_03410 | T552_01102 | PNEG_01383 | SPBC609.05 | Heterochromatin assembly | 24 | |
| psc3 | T551_02039 | T552_00863 | PNEG_01628 | SPAC17H9.20 | Heterochromatin assembly | 24, 25 | |
| rhp6 (ubc2) | T551_01736 | T552_02893 | PNEG_02338 | SPAC18B11.07c | Heterochromatin assembly | 24 | |
| spt6 | T551_02570 | T552_03148 | PNEG_01805 | SPAC1F7.01c | Heterochromatin assembly | 24 | |
| clr4 | T551_00331 | T552_02811 | PNEG_02256 | SPBC428.08c | Histone methyltransferase | 24 | |
| raf1 | T551_01972 | T552_01956 | PNEG_01941 | SPCC613.12c | Histone methyltransferase | ||
| lid2 | T551_00473 | T552_00980 | PNEG_01507 | SPBP19A11.06 | Histone demethylase | 24 | |
| pmt3 | T551_01148 | T552_02465 | PNEG_02095 | SPBC365.06 | Histone demethylase | 24 | |
| tra1 | T551_00450 | T552_01000 | PNEG_01486 | SPBP16F5.03c | Histone acetyltransferase | 24 | |
| clr6 | T551_00446 | T552_01004 | PNEG_01482 | SPBC36.05c | Histone deacetylase | 24 | |
| phd1 (hos2) | T551_00611 | T552_02792 | PNEG_02422 | SPAC3G9.07c | Histone deacetylase | 24 | |
| MAT locus switching | hsk1 | T551_01602 | T552_02102 | PNEG_03279 | SPBC776.12c | Imprinting | 24 |
| swi3 | T551_01272 | T552_02542 | PNEG_02174 | SPBC30D10.04 | Imprinting, conversion | 24 | |
| msh2 | T551_02326 | T552_02183 | PNEG_03198 | SPBC19G7.01c | Conversion | 24, 25 | |
| rad16 (rad1) | T551_00218 | T552_02406 | PNEG_00580 | SPCC970.01 | Conversion | 24, 25 | |
| swi1 | T551_01097 | T552_00501 | PNEG_00356 | SPBC216.06c | Conversion | 24 | |
| swi10 | T551_02136 | T552_01836 | PNEG_01115 | SPBC4F6.15c | Conversion | 24 | |
| swi5 | T551_02707 | T552_03209 | PNEG_01744 | SPBC409.03 | Switching | 24 | |
| rad22 | T551_01250 | T552_02521 | PNEG_02152 | SPAC30D11.10 | Switching | 24, 25 | |