. 2021 Feb 5;14(10):2177–2186. doi: 10.1093/ckj/sfab035

Table 1.

Selected studies and patient characteristics

References	Study length	Risk of bias	Study arms	Dose	Number of patients	Age (years)	Percentage of female	Baseline eGFR (mL/min/ 1.73 m²)	Baseline PTH (pg/mL)	Baseline 25(OH)D (ng/mL)
Panel A: Studies comparing NVD versus placebo or no treatment (used in analyses of change versus placebo/no treatment and in analyses of changes in NVD study arms)
Alvarez et al. [24]	52 weeks	Moderate	Cholecalciferol	50 000 IU/week first 12 weeks, 50 000 IU/ every other week rest of study (approximate average weekly dose of 30 800 IU)	22	63.2	9.1	62.5	89.1	26.7
Alvarez et al. [24]	52 weeks	Moderate	Placebo	NA	24	62.6	8.3	61.2	78.2	32.1
Chandra et al. [25]	12 weeks	High	Cholecalciferol	50 000 IU/week	17	62.2	60	33.3	288.9^a	17.3^a
Chandra et al. [25]	12 weeks	High	Placebo	NA	17	59.5	60	29.8	290.5^a	18.6^a
Dogan et al. [30]	4 weeks	High	Cholecalciferol	300 000 IU/month (only one treatment) (approximate average weekly dose of 75 000 IU)	20	51	18	36.3	368	8.5^f
Dogan et al. [30]	4 weeks	High	No treatment	NA	20	47	18	34.6	273	6.8^f
Dreyer et al. [26]	26 weeks	High	Ergocalciferol	50 000 IU/week first month, 50 000 IU/month remaining 5 months (approximate average weekly dose of 18 300 IU)	20	45.8	39.1	33	102.8	NA
Dreyer et al. [26]	26 weeks	High	Placebo	NA	18	48.8	26.3	38.7	118.9	NA
Gravesen et al. [29]	6 weeks	High	Ergocalciferol	50 000 IU/week	26	NA	NA	20.1	180.1	25
Gravesen et al. [29]	6 weeks	High	No treatment	NA	17	NA	NA	20.9	166.252	23.72
Kumar et al. [27]	16 weeks	Moderate	Cholecalciferol	300 000 IU/month (only two treatments) (approximate average weekly dose of 75 000 IU)	60	43.2	29	35.8	139^b	13.4
Kumar et al. [27]	16 weeks	Moderate	Placebo	NA	60	45.2	32	34.6	146^b	13.2
Marckmann et al. [28]^d	8 weeks	Moderate	Cholecalciferol	40 000 IU/week	13	71^b,c	27^b,c	32^b,c	79.2^b	15.7^b
Marckmann et al. [28]^d	8 weeks	Moderate	Placebo	NA	12	68^b,c	23^b,c	29^b,c	119.8^b	11.4^b
Petchey et al. [21]	26 weeks	Moderate	Cholecalciferol	2000 IU/day (approximate average weekly dose of 14 000 IU)	13	65	46	39	84.9^b	38
Petchey et al. [21]	26 weeks	Moderate	Placebo	NA	15	67	13	41	103.7^b	35.2
Westerberg et al. [18]	12 weeks	Low	Cholecalciferol	8000 IU/day (approximate average weekly dose of 56 000 IU)	48	62.6	44	32	102.8	23
Westerberg et al. [18]	12 weeks	Low	Placebo	NA	49	64	20	29.5	123.5	22.7
Summary Panel A:				Approximate average weekly dose 45 448 IU	471 (sum)	52.5 (average)	32.9 (average)	35.7 (average)	158.7 (average)	20.7 (average)

Panel B: Studies investigating an NVD compared with another NVD or a non-relevant comparator (used only in analysis of changes in NVD study arms)
Kendrick et al. [20]	26 weeks	Very low	Cholecalciferol	4000 IU/day first month, 2000 IU/day remaining 5 months (approximate average weekly dose of 16 200 IU)	64	58	30	33.5	99.5^c	23
Kendrick et al. [20]	26 weeks	Very low	Calcitriol^e	0.25 μg/day first month, 0.5 μg/day months 2–6 (if no episode of hypercalcaemia)	64	59	36	32.8	93.8^c	21.7
Kovesdy et al. (2012) [34]	16 weeks	Moderate	Ergocalciferol	Dosed according to baseline 25(OH)D levels (as recommended by KDOQI) (average weekly dose not available)	40	67.6	0	30.9	175	17.2
Kovesdy et al. (2012) [34]	16 weeks	Moderate	Paricalcitol^e	1 μg/day	40	69.3	2	32.1	168	16.3
Moe et al. [33]	13 weeks	High	Cholecalciferol	4000 IU/day first month, 2000 IU/day remaining months (approximate average weekly dose of 18 300 IU)	22	62	54	29.6	109	14
Moe et al. [33]	13 weeks	High	Doxercalciferol^e	0.5 μg/day	25	65	36	36.4	106	15.1
Wetmore et al. [31]	12 weeks	Moderate	Ergocalciferol	50 000 IU/week	22	59.4	47.6	37.5	149	20.5
Wetmore et al. [31]	12 weeks	Moderate	Cholecalciferol	50 000 IU/week	22	56.7	65	42.5	76.6	20.9
Zhang et al. [32]	Mean follow-up 144 weeks	Moderate	Ergocalciferol	50 000 IU/week first 3 months, maintained at 50 000 IU/month according to 25(OH)D levels (approximate average weekly dose of 50 000 IU)	104	57.4	28.8	41.6	109.7	15.14
Zhang et al. [32]	Mean follow-up 144 weeks	Moderate	Calcitriol^e	0.25 μg/day (dose adjusted in response to changes in 25(OH)D, Ca, P and PTH)	100	56.3	34	42.9	89.5	14.9
Summary Panel B:				Approximate average weekly dose 33 615 IU	503 (sum)	61.1 (average)	32.4 (average)	36.0 (average)	117.6 (average)	17.9 (average)
Summary all studies:				Approximate average weekly dose 41 807 IU	974 (sum)	55.8 (average)	32.7 (average)	35.8 (average)	144.0 (average)	19.6 (average)

Numbers refer to geometric mean value.

Numbers refer to median values.

Numbers include measures for the full population of both dialysis and ND patients included in the study.

In the publication by Marckmann et al., only median value changes are reported, however, mean value changes for both PTH and 25(OH)D were obtained from the authors via e-mail, and as such, the results presented in the Results sections below refer to mean values and not median values.

The values from these comparator arms will not be used in any of the analyses performed in this meta-analysis.

In the publication by Dogan et al., values are reported as pg/mL of calcidiol. No change in the estimated values or conversion of units has been made for these values in any of the analyses performed on 25(OH)D.

NA, not applicable; KDOQI, Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative; Ca, calcium; P, phosphorus.