TABLE 4.

Multivariable Survival Analysis of Laser Trabeculoplasty Outcomes

Parameters	Hazard Ratio	95% Hazard Ratio Confidence Limits		P	Comments
Age (y)
18-39	1.37	1.22	1.53	<0.0001*	Age: per patient eye, 5 levels: 18-39, 40-64, 65-79 (reference), 80+
40-64	0.96	0.93	1.00	0.0738
80+	1.44	1.39	1.49	<0.0001*
Unknown	1.60	1.33	1.93	<0.0001*
Sex
Female	0.93	0.90	0.95	<0.0001*	Sex: per patient, 3 levels: male (reference), female, unspecified
Unspecified	1.19	0.93	1.48	0.1345
Region
Midwest	0.92	0.89	0.95	<0.0001*	Region: per patient eye, provider region, 5 levels: Midwest, Northeast, West, South (reference), unknown
Northeast	0.91	0.88	0.95	<0.0001*
West	0.94	0.90	0.98	0.0046*
Unknown	1.22	1.05	1.42	0.0103*
Race
Asian	1.15	1.04	1.28	0.0092*	Race: per patient, 6 levels: White (reference), Asian, Black, Hispanic, multirace/other, unknown
Black	1.10	1.05	1.15	<0.0001*
Hispanic	0.91	0.85	0.98	0.0088*
Multi/other	0.97	0.92	1.02	0.2722
Unknown	1.54	1.46	1.62	<0.0001*
Insurance type
Dual Medicare and Medicaid	0.72	0.68	0.76	<0.0001*	Insurance: per patient, 8 levels: dual Medicare/Medicaid, Medicaid, Medicare advantage, Medicare fee-for-Service, military, other government, unknown, private (reference)
Medicaid	1.01	0.92	1.11	0.8087
Medicare advantage	0.82	0.77	0.86	<0.0001*
Medicare FFS	0.77	0.74	0.80	<0.0001*
Military	1.28	1.10	1.49	0.0016*
Other Government	1.31	0.96	1.79	0.0864
Unknown	1.13	1.07	1.19	<0.0001*
No. glaucoma medications	0.96	0.95	0.97	<0.0001*
Mean baseline IOP	1.01	1.01	1.01	<0.0001*
Mean baseline VA	1.18	1.13	1.24	<0.0001*
Provider status
Group 2	1.10	1.05	1.14	<0.0001*	Provider status: per patient eye, 3 levels: group 1 (glaucoma surgeon) (reference), group 2 (other anterior segment surgeon), or group 3 (unknown)
Group 3	1.25	1.20	1.31	<0.0001*
No provider information	0.72	0.60	0.88	0.001*
Prior glaucoma procedures
Yes	1.03	0.92	1.14	0.6224
Prior lens surgery
Yes	1.28	1.21	1.36	<0.0001*
Prior intravitreal injections
Yes	1.05	0.96	1.16	0.2983
Diabetes
Yes	1.07	1.03	1.11	0.0003*
Hypertension
Yes	0.93	0.85	1.01	0.0765
Angle recession
Yes	0.91	0.55	1.50	0.7104
Uveitis
Yes	1.30	1.10	1.52	0.0009*
Provider LTP count in preceding year
51-99	1.10	1.06	1.15	<0.0001*	No. LTP performed by provider in the year preceding treatment date, per patient eye, 4 levels: <50 (reference), 50-99, 100-499, 500+
100-499	1.21	1.17	1.25	<0.0001*
500+	1.24	1.14	1.34	<0.0001*
Glaucoma type
Inflammation/drugs	1.62	1.30	2.01	<0.0001*	Glaucoma type: per patient eye, 6 levels: suspect (reference), POAG, trauma, inflammation, other, unspecified
POAG	1.71	1.64	1.79	<0.0001*
Trauma/other eye disorders	1.59	1.32	1.93	<0.0001*
Other glaucoma	1.10	0.80	1.50	0.5712
Unspecified glaucoma	0.66	0.61	0.70	<0.0001*
Glaucoma severity
Moderate	0.91	0.88	0.95	<0.0001*	Glaucoma Severity: per patient eye, stage closest to LTP date, 6 levels: mild (reference), moderate, severe, indeterminate, unspecified/missing, not applicable
Severe	0.89	0.85	0.94	<0.0001*
Indeterminate	1.06	0.98	1.16	0.1557
Missing/unspecified	0.37	0.35	0.39	<0.0001*
Lens status
Aphakia	0.76	0.59	0.98	0.0339	Lens status: 4 levels: cataract (reference), pseudophakia, aphakia, unknown
Pseudophakia	0.85	0.80	0.90	<0.0001*
Unknown	0.57	0.55	0.59	<0.0001*
LTP treatment group
Double	1.09	1.00	1.20	0.0589	LTP treatment in 1 session (reference) or in 2 or more session (double)

All P values are from a multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression.

^*Statistically significant.

FFS indicates fee-for-service; IOP, intraocular pressure; LTP, laser trabeculoplasty; POAG, primary open angle glaucoma; VA, visual acuity.