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Effect of treatments on inflammatory mediators and MMPs in cartilaginous tissues. The expressional levels of (a) iNOS and COX-2 and (b) MMP-3 and MMP-13 were determined by western blot analyses in joint homogenates. GAPDH was used as a loading control, and protein expressions were quantified by ImageJ software and normalized based on GAPDH expression. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM from the three independent experiments.
