TABLE 2.
Quality assessment of studies assessing the association between protein intakes from birth to 2 y and obesity outcomes in childhood or adolescence1
| First author, year (ref) | Clearly focused question | Drop-out rate (<20%) | Comparison between participants and dropouts | Clearly defined outcome | Assessment of exposure reliable | Validity of outcome measure | Repeated exposure measure | Adequate adjustment for confounding | CI provided | Sample size justification or power description | Declaration of funding | Quality rating |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Scaglioni, 2000 (33) | Y | Y | N | Y | Y | N | N | N | N | Y | N | Low |
| Gunnarsdóttir, 2003 (25) | Y | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | N | N | Y | Acceptable |
| Hoppe, 2004 (28) | Y | N | N | Y | Y | Y | N | N | Y | Y | Y | Acceptable |
| Günther, 2006 (26) | Y | N/D | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | Y | N | Y | High |
| Günther, 2007 (27) | Y | N | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | High |
| Günther, 2007 (14) | Y | N | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | Y | High |
| Weijs, 2011 (38) | Y | N | N | Y | N | N | N | Y | Y | N | Y | Low |
| Thorisdottir, 2013 (35) | Y | Y | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | High |
| Thorisdottir, 2014 (34) | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | Y | Y | N | Y | High |
| Braun, 2016 (24) | Y | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | Y | Y | N | Y | High |
| Pimpin, 2016 (31) | Y | N | N | Y | Y | Y | N | Y | Y | N | Y | High |
| Voortman, 2016 (36) | Y | N | N | Y | Y | Y | N | Y | Y | N | Y | High |
| Voortman, 2016 (37) | Y | N | N | Y | Y | Y | N | Y | Y | N | Y | High |
| Morgen, 2018 (30) | Y | N | N | Y | N | N | N | N | Y | N | Y | Low |
| Pimpin, 2018 (32) | Y | N | N | Y | Y | Y | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | High |
| Jen, 2019 (29) | Y | N | N | Y | Y | Y | N | Y | Y | N | Y | High |
1
N, no; N/D, not described; ref, reference; Y, yes.