TABLE 2.
Comparison of iron status indicators between comparison ethnic groups and reference ethnic groups1
| Reference ethnic group | Comparison ethnic groups | Men | Women | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Iron indicator | Difference ± SE | n 2 | Difference ± SE | n 2 | ||
| SF, μg/L | Asian | [14] (40,874) | [13] (31,036) | |||
| European | −180 ± 53 | [15] (48,115) | −86 ± 33 | [20] (62,736) | ||
| African American | −161 ± 73 | [9] (14,025) | −68 ± 33 | [8] (20,413) | ||
| South Asian | −192 ± 303 | [1] (150) | −78 ± 163 | [2] (488) | ||
| European | [15] (48,115) | [20] (62,736) | ||||
| African American | 19 ± 44 | [9] (14,025) | 19 ± 23 | [8] (20,413) | ||
| TSAT, % | Asian | [6] (22,543) | [7] (13,075) | |||
| European | −5 ± 13 | [8] (38,532) | −3 ± 03 | [10] (45,433) | ||
| African American | −7 ± 13 | [8] (13,839) | −6 ± 03 | [7] (19,908) | ||
| South Asian | −5 ± 5 | [1] (150) | −11 ± 23 | [2] (242) | ||
| European | [8] (38,532) | [10] (45,433) | ||||
| South Asian | −1 ± 5 | [1] (150) | −7 ± 25 | [2] (242) | ||
| African American | −2 ± 16 | [8] (13,839) | −3 ± 03 | [7] (19,908) | ||
| Hb, g/dL | African American | [5] (2882) | [4] (1350) | |||
| Asian | 0.8 ± 0.13 | [8] (20,265) | 0.4 ± 0.2 | [9] (9760) | ||
| European | 0.6 ± 0.13 | [10] (28,169) | 0.8 ± 0.23 | [13] (33,352) | ||
| Hispanic | 0.8 ± 0.13 | [1] (427) | 0.6 ± 0.3 | [1] (543) | ||
| Asian | [8] (20,265) | [9] (9760) | ||||
| European | −0.2 ± 0.1 | [10] (28,169) | 0.4 ± 0.17 | [13] (33,352) | ||
The estimated differences were calculated from linear mixed-effects models using the lmer and emmeans functions in R (R Foundation for Statistical Computing). P values reported were corrected for multiple comparisons with Tukey's test. Hb, hemoglobin; SF, serum ferritin; TSAT, transferrin saturation.
n [number of studies included in the analyses] (number of people included).
Significant difference between the comparison group and the reference group, P < 0.0001.
Significant difference between the comparison group and the reference group, P = 0.0002.
Significant difference between the comparison group and the reference group, P = 0.005.
Difference between the comparison group and the reference group approached significance, P = 0.05.
Significant difference between the comparison group and the reference group, P = 0.03.