Table 1.

Genetic modification of pyruvate-oxaloacetate metabolic node for GFAAs production.

Strains	Substrate	Titer (g/L)	Product	Cultivation	Modulations	Reference
C. glutamicum ALA6	Glucose	2.07	5-ALA	Shake flask; batch	the insertion of a strong Psod promoter in the upstream region of ppc gene; the deletion of pyk gene	[37]
C. crenatum Cc4	Glucose	68.6	Arginine	Bioreactor; fed-batch	replacing the start codon GTG of pyc gene with ATG; implementing an additional copy of gltA gene on chromosome	[107]
C. crenatum Cc5 lysC30	Glucose	25.8	Arginine	Shake flask; batch	the attenuation of lysC gene by replacing the natural RBS with the sequence of synthetic RBS with strengths of 30 au	[107]
C. glutamicum SO21	Glucose	34.1	Ornithine	Shake flask; batch	the overexpression of gltA gene via inserting strong promoter	[204]
C. glutamicum GDK-9△ldhA	Glucose	70.4	Glutamate	Shake flask; batch	the deletion of ldhA gene	[211]
C.glutamicum JML06	Glucose	52.7	Arginine	Bioreactor; fed-batch		[203]
C.glutamicum ZQJY-6	Glucose	8.01	Proline	Shake flask; batch	the deletion of avtA gene	[212]