Table 2.

Summary of biodemographic functions (BDFs) and parameters of four invasive tropical tephritid fruit flies from Figures 5-8.

BDF/parameters	Mediterranean fruit fly	melon fly	Mexican fruit fly	oriental fruit fly
del-time (Δ)
egg-larvae	129dd > 10.345°C	104dd > 7.95°	258dd > 10.3°C	136dd > 8.87 °C
pupae	165dd > 9.5°C	164dd > 7.95 °C	264dd > 10.3 °C	177dd >8.87°C
adults	772dd > 9.5°C	1197dd >7.95°C	1000dd >10.3°C	1050dd >8.87°C
quiesent adults	1050dd > 9.5°C	1197dd >7.95°C	1000dd >10.3°C	1532dd >8.87°C
E-LR(T)	0.031(T−10.35)/(1+2.75T−33.5)	0.00975(T−7.95)/(1+ 4T−33.5) for E-L	0.0018(T−10.3)/(1+ 4T−34) for E-P	0.00305 (T−8.87)/(1+3.25 T−36.5) for E-P
AR(T), AΔx(T)	0.0059(T−9.5)/(1+4.8 T−33.7)	AΔx(T) = PΔx(T) = E-LΔx(T)	AΔx(T) = E-PΔx(T)	AΔx(T) = E-PΔx(T)
E-Lk,Pk,Ak	25, 40, 50	25, 40, 70	25, 40, 68	25, 25, 71
f(x) age in days at 25°C	if x ≥ 3 then $6.25\left(x-3\right)/\left(1{.088}^{\left(x-3\right)}\right)$	if x ≥ 4 then $2.55\left(x-4\right)/\left(1{.065}^{\left(x-4\right)}\right)$	$\begin{array}{c}\hfill \mathrm{i}fx\ge 11\mathrm{then}\hfill \\ \hfill 2.355\left(x-11\right)/\left(1{.0475}^{\left(x-11\right)}\right)\hfill \end{array}$	if x ≥ 16 then $2.3\left(x-16\right)/\left(1{.065}^{\left(x-17.5\right)}\right)$
0 < ϕT ≤ 1	F(T, 15.0, 32.0)	0.0034 (T−13.3)/ (1+1.85 T−34.2)	F(T, 12.78, 32.5)	0.0006 T3 −0.0567 T2 + 1.6652T −14.603
0 < ϕRH ≤ 1	1 − 0.000000063RH4 + 0.000016229RH3 −0.001487393RH2 + 0.057917778RH +0.15	F(RH, 35, 100)	1 − 0.0000000635RH4 + 0.0000162RH3 − 0.0014874RH2 + 0.0579178RH + 0.145	F(RH, 40, 95)
0< E-Lμ (T) ≤ 1	0.000005T4 − 0.000444T3 + 0.015014T2 − 0.217793T + 1.16	0.00000232T4 −0.00015536T3 + 0.00349784T2 − 0.02999476T + 0.0909	$\left\{\begin{array}{c}\mathrm{if}T<{10.3}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}\mathrm{then}\hfill \\ 0.518{\mathrm{e}}^{-0.690312T}\hfill \\ \mathrm{else}\hfill \\ 0.00033{\mathrm{e}}^{0.1932889T}\hfill \end{array}\right)$	0.0000018T4 − 0.0001116T3 + 0.0024931T2 − 0.0308056T + 0.2486
0< P-Aμ (T) ≤ 1	0.000487T2 −0.018705T + 0.1846	P-Aμ = E-Lμ	P-Aμ = E-Lμ	Aμ = E-Pμ

T = mean temperature, RH = mean % relative humidity, k = stage specific Erlang parameter in eqn. 1. Scripts E, L, P, A = egg, larval, pupal, and adult stages, f(x) = per capita reproductive rate per day on age (x) at 25°C, ^stageΔ = developmental time constant in dd above the lower threshold for a stage, ^stageΔ_x = (stage developmental time multiplied by stage developmental rate), 0 ≤ F(T or RH, min, max) ≤1 is a symmetrical function between min and max values equal 1 at (max + min)/2). ϕ_RH and ϕ_T are scalars for reproduction, and μ_stage is the temperature-dependent stage mortality rate. Fits for all BDFs had R²>0.85.