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. 2021 Sep 30;11:19463. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-98964-z

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Representation and application of the novel methodological framework. The framework consists of (1) an experimental design; (2) objective physical distance measures; and (3) a contact network representation. Here, we show the framework applied at the art fair, where we (1) varied walking directions and supplementary interventions; (2) measured physical distance using a Social Distancing Sensor with ultra-wideband technology; and (3) constructed networks for each condition.