Table 1.
Characteristics of the study participants.
| Vaginal N = 23 |
C-section N = 21a |
All N = 44 |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Mothers age, year mean (SD) | 28.3 (5.0) | 35.8 (5.0) | 31.9 (6.3) |
| Gestational age (weeks) mean (SD) | 39.5 (2.3) | 39.3 (0.9) | 39.4 (1.8) |
| Birth weight (grams) mean (SD) | 3510 (280) | 3740 (620) | 3620 (480) |
| Boys (%) | 12 (52%) | 10 (48%) | 22 (50%) |
| Maternal asthma | 0 | 4 (19%) | 4 (9.1%) |
| Maternal allergy | 8 (35%) | 11 (52%) | 19 (43%) |
| Gestational diabetes | 4 (17%) | 8 (38%) | 12 (27%) |
| Streptococcus agalactiaeb | 5 (22%) | 9 (43%)b | 14 (32%) |
| Antibiotics during pregnancy | 9 (39%) | 5 (24%) | 14 (32%)* |
| Intrapartum antibiotics | 5 (22%) | 21 (100%) | 26 (59%)** |
| Perinatal antibiotics after birth | 1 (4.3%) | 1 (4.8%) | 2 (4.5%) |
| NICU admission | 1 (4.3%) | 2 (9.5%) | 3 (7.0%) |
NICU neonatal intensive care unit.
a2 patients recruited in the vaginal delivery group gave birth via C-section and were analyzed as such.
bStreptococcus agalactiae screening before birth was not performed in 6 cases.
*In the vaginal delivery group, 1 mother had been administered amoxicillin. In the C-section group 1 mother had been administered amoxicillin and 1 received cephalexin.
**In the vaginal delivery group, all 5 mothers had been administered benzylpenicillin. In the C-section group, 19 mothers had been administered cefuroxime, 1 Piperacillin-Tazobactam, and 1 received Clindamycin.