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. 2021 Sep 17;12:718902. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.718902

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Copyright © 2021 Gesualdo, Balta, Platania, Trotta, Herman, Gharbia, Rosu, Petrillo, Giunta, Della Corte, Grieco, Bellavita, Simonelli, D’Amico, Hermenean, Rossi and Bucolo.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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VEGFA levels in retina of non-diabetic mice [panel (A), CTR], diabetic mice [panel (A), STZ], diabetic mice receiving fingolimod alone [panel (A), STZ + Figolimod], or in combination with MC1R antagonist [panel (B), STZ + Fingolimod + AGRP], MC5R antagonist [panel (B), STZ + Fingolimod + PG20N], and SP1R1 antagonist [panel (B), STZ + FTY720+Ex 26]. VEGFA levels, assayed by ELISA, are reported as pg/ml ± S.D. Statistical significance was assessed by one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison test. *p < 0.05 vs CTR; ^† p < 0.05 vs STZ; ^‡ p < 0.05 vs STZ + Fingolimod. N = 10 retinas per group.