Table 2.
Characteristics of 102 patients from India exposed to mucormycosis with Covid-19
| Parameters | Value | Affected ratio (in %) | Remarks/Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | Range 24–78 | - | Most prevalent in 30–50 age group |
| Sex | Male | 71/102 (69.6) | Males are more targeted by mucormycosis |
| Female | 20/102 (19.6) | ||
| NR | 11/102 (10.7) | ||
| Covid-19 Status | Active | 72/102 (70.5) | More active cases leads to its epidemic surge in India |
| Recovered | 30/102 (29.4) | ||
| Treatment for Covid-19 | Steroids | 70/102 (68.6) | Steroids are most frequently used among the patients |
| Remdesivir | 11/102 (10.7) | ||
| Tocilizumab | 3/102 (2.9) | ||
| Long-term antimicrobials | 10/102 (9.8) | ||
| NR | 8/102 (7.8) | ||
| Patients suffering from | Diabetes mellitus | 90/102 (88.2) |
Diabetes mellitus with severe diabetic ketoacidosis always increases the contamination ratio of patients being affected with mucormycosis. Diabetes mellitus is frequently found among the patients that are infected with the Covid-19 The multifactorial diseases prerequisite to patients affected with Covid-19 and mucormycosis that increases the disease severity rate of the patients |
| Severe metabolic acidosis | 1/102 (0.9) | ||
| Severe diabetic ketoacidosis | 12/102 (11.7) | ||
| Coronary artery disease | 1/102 (0.9) | ||
| Chronic kidney disease | 2/102 (1.9) | ||
| Cancer | 2/102 (1.9) | ||
| Chronic granulomatous disease | 1/102 (0.9) | ||
| Hypertension | 2/102 (1.9) | ||
| Leukemia | 1/102 (0.9) | ||
| NR | 1/102 (0.9) | ||
| Mucormycosis | Confirmed | 96/102 (94.1) | Patients are under microbiological diagnosis |
| Suspected | 6/102 (5.8) | ||
| Mucormycosis affects on | Sino-nasal | 74/102 (72.5) | Sino-nasal infection is most commonly targeted by mucormycosis associated with Covid-19 |
| Orbit | 25/102 (24.5) | ||
| Maxillary necrosis | 14/102 (13.7) | ||
| Intracranial extension | 9/102 (8.8) | ||
| Pulmonary | 7/102 (6.8) | ||
| Central nervous system | 19/102 (18.6) | ||
| Right maxilla and zygoma | 2/102 (1.9) | ||
| Lung infection | 1/102 (0.9) | ||
| Survival Status | Alive | 54/102 (52.9) | Although the patient’s death rate is less than alive rate but we cannot predict the final survival status of the patients. Treatment is still under process for most of the patients |
| Dead | 24/102 (23.5) | ||
| Improved | 13/102 (12.7) | ||
| Recovered | 3/102 (2.9) | ||
| Left against medical advice | 5/102 (4.9) | ||
| NR | 3/102 (2.9) |
NR not reported