Table 4.
Demographic characteristics and clinical outcomes for hyperbilirubinemia and non-hyperbilirubinemia groups after propensity score matching.
| Parameters | Full cohort | P | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hyperbilirubinemia group | No-hyperbilirubinemia group | ||
| (n = 532) | (n = 532) | ||
| Age, mean (SD), y | 67.35 (26.96) | 66.99 (26.09) | 0.545 |
| Male, n (%) | 308 (57.9) | 320 (60.2) | 0.493 |
| Race | |||
| White | 376 (72.4) | 376 (70.7) | 0.587 |
| Hispanic | 15 (2.8) | 15 (2.8) | 1.000 |
| Black | 39 (7.3) | 49 (9.2) | 0.316 |
| Other | 102 (19.2) | 83 (15.6) | 0.145 |
| Weight, mean (SD) | 81.00 (25.63) | 79.75 (23.72) | 0.355 |
| Preexisting medical conditions, n (%) | |||
| CHF | 133 (25.0) | 135 (25.4) | 0.944 |
| AFIB | 171 (32.1) | 154 (28.9) | 0.287 |
| COPD | 53 (10.0) | 54 (110.2) | 1.000 |
| CAD | 116 (21.8) | 121 (22.7) | 0.768 |
| Stroke | 19 (3.6) | 15 (2.8) | 0.602 |
| Malignancy | 141 (26.5) | 141 (26.5) | 1.000 |
| Renal disease | 84 (15.8) | 84 (15.8) | 1.000 |
| SOFA score at admission, n (%) | <0.001 | ||
| Score at 2~4 | 88 (16.5) | 214 (40.2)* | |
| Score at 5~9 | 271 (50.9) | 244 (45.9) | |
| Score at ≥10 | 173 (32.5) | 74 (13.9)* | |
| Elixhauser comorbidity index, mean (SD) | 5.00 (10) | 5.00 (9) | 0.895 |
| Heart rate ≥ 100 (beats/min), n (%) | 351 (66.0) | 368 (69.2) | 0.295 |
| Respiratory rate ≥ 30 (beats/min), n (%) | 240 (45.1) | 255 (47.9) | 0.390 |
| Laboratory parameters within the first 24 h of ICU admission | |||
| Maximum WBC, mean (SD) | 14.40 (9.58) | 13.45 (10.60) | 0.100 |
| Maximum hemoglobin, mean (SD) | 12.00 (2.80) | 11.70 (3.20) | 0.089 |
| Maximum platelet levels (10∧9/L), n (%) | 0.356 | ||
| Platelet≥ 250 | 170 (32.0) | 182 (34.2) | |
| Platelet at 150~249 | 209 (39.3) | 198 (37.2) | |
| Platelet at 100~149 | 94 (17.7) | 77 (14.5) | |
| Platelet at 50~99 | 43 (8.1) | 53 (10.0) | |
| Platelet at <50 | 16 (3.0) | 22 (4.1) | |
| Maximum potassium, mean (SD) | 4.50 (1.2) | 4.50 (1.2) | 0.399 |
| Maximum sodium, mean (SD) | 140.00 (6.0) | 140.00 (5.0) | 0.326 |
| Maximum bicarbonate levels, n (%) | 0.174 | ||
| At <22 | 184 34.6) | 156 (29.3) | |
| At 22–29 | 310 (58.3) | 332 (62.4) | |
| At >29 | 38 (7.1) | 44 (8.3) | |
| Maximum chloride, mean (SD) | 108.00 (8.0) | 108.00 (7.0) | 0.601 |
| Maximum Bun, mean (SD) | 28.50 (29.00) | 26.50 (31.00) | 0.967 |
| Maximum lactate levels(mmol/L), n (%) | 0.407 | ||
| Lactate at 0–2 | 190 (35.7) | 199 (37.4) | |
| Lactate at 2.1–4 | 170 (32.0) | 186 (35.0) | |
| Lactate at 4.1–10 | 143 (26.9) | 123 (23.1) | |
| Lactate at >10 | 29 (5.5) | 24 (4.5) | |
| Maximum creatinine, mean (SD) | 1.40 (1.28) | 1.30 (1.30) | 0.324 |
| Maximum hematocrit, mean (SD) | 35.5 (7.65) | 34.9 (9.58) | 0.157 |
| Maximum INR levels, n (%) | |||
| At >1.5 | 276 (51.9) | 270 (50.8) | 0.759 |
| Maximum PH, mean (SD) | 7.40 (0.07) | 7.40 (0.07) | 0.796 |
| Maximum pO2, mean (SD) | 214.0 (111) | 214.0 (144) | 0.501 |
| Maximum pCO2, mean (SD) | 47.0 (10) | 47.0 (9) | 0.262 |
| Maximum ALT, mean (SD) | 115.00 (288.00) | 33.50 (70.75) | <0.001 |
| Maximum AST, mean (SD) | 152.50 (354.50) | 43.00 (120.50) | <0.001 |
| Maximum total bilirubin at 24 h, mean (SD) | 3.30 (3.10) | 0.60 (0.60) | <0.001 |
| Maximum total bilirubin at 48 h, mean (SD) | 2.10 (3.20) | 0.00 (0.50) | <0.001 |
Continuous variables are reported as mean (Standard deviation, SD), and Categorical variables are reported as count (% of column total).
CHF congestive heart failure, AFIB atrial fibrillation, CAD coronary artery disease, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, SOFA Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, WBC white blood cell, INR International Normalized Ratio, BUN blood urea nitrogen, AST aspartate transaminase, ALT alanine transaminase, pCO2 partial pressure of carbon dioxide, pO2 partial pressure of oxygen.
*
Represent significant difference with P < 0.05.