Table 3.
Comparison of the clinical features of patients without and with moderate-to-severe instability in the sitting position after the first seizure.
| Mild or no instability in the sitting position after the first seizure | Moderate-to-severe instability in the sitting position after the first seizure | Effect size | p value | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 9 | n = 6 | |||||||
| Age in months, median (IQR), n | 18 | (14–32.5) | 9 | 19.5 | (16–48) | 6 | 0.168 | 0.546 |
| Sex, female (%) | 4 | (44.4) | 1 | (16.7) | 0.289 | 0.580 | ||
| GCS, median (IQR), n | 15 | (15–15) | 9 | 12.5 | (11–15) | 6 | 0.580 | 0.020* |
| Duration of seizure in min, median (IQR), n | 27.5 | (4.5–50) | 9 | 60 | (50–65.5) | 6 | 0.580 | 0.025* |
| Truncal titubation n (%) | 3 | (33.3) | 0 | (0) | 0.408 | 0.229 | ||
| Distribution of the lesion | ||||||||
| Bilateral frontal, n (%) | 6 | (66.7) | 5 | (83.3) | 0.185 | 0.604 | ||
| Bilateral prefrontal, n (%) | 5 | (55.6) | 2 | (33.3) | 0.218 | 0.608 | ||
| Diffuse lesion including perirolandic area, n (%) | 1 | (11.1) | 0 | (0) | 0.218 | 1.000 | ||
| Basal ganglia or thalamus lesion, n (%) | 3 | (33.3) | 1 | (16.7) | 0.185 | 0.604 | ||
| Tada score, median (IQR), n | 2 | (1–2.5) | 9 | 5 | (4–6) | 6 | 0.768 | 0.002* |
| Patients with biphasic clinical course, n (%) | 7 | (77.8) | 9 | 3 | (75.0) | 4 | 0.318 | 0.510 |
| AST, IU/L, median (IQR), n | 38.0 | (32.0–55.0) | 9 | 49.5 | (39.0–67.0) | 6 | 0.320 | 0.237 |
| ALT, IU/L, median (IQR), n | 13.0 | (10.5–17.5) | 9 | 17.0 | (16.0–21.0) | 6 | 0.366 | 0.168 |
| LDH, IU/L, median (IQR), n | 333.0 | (294.5–338.5) | 9 | 336.0 | (293.0–390.0) | 6 | 0.198 | 0.475 |
| BUN, mg/dL, median (IQR), n | 8.4 | (6.85–12.8) | 9 | 11.95 | (10.7–14.4) | 6 | 0.365 | 0.171 |
| Creatinine, mg/dL, median (IQR), n | 0.25 | (0.21–0.31) | 9 | 0.34 | (0.31–0.47) | 6 | 0.581 | 0.022* |
| Blood glucose, mg/dL, median (IQR), n | 156.5 | (130.0–200.5) | 9 | 258.0 | (237.0–271.0) | 6 | 0.600 | 0.020* |
| fPHT administration after the first seizure, n (%) | 5 | (50.0) | 5 | (77.8) | 0.289 | 0.580 | ||
| Therapeutic options | 0.218 | 0.790 | ||||||
| Early-Hypo group, n (%) | 1 | (16.6) | 1 | (11.1) | ||||
| Late-Hypo group, n (%) | 5 | (50.0) | 2 | (44.4) | ||||
| Non-Hypo group, n (%) | 3 | (33.3) | 3 | (44.4) | ||||
| PCPC 12 months after disease onset | 2 | (1.5–2.5) | 9 | 2.5 | (1–3) | 6 | 0.191 | 0.514 |
*
P < 0.05. AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; fPHT, fosphenytoin; GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale; IQR, interquartile range; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; PCPC, Pediatric Performance Category Scale.