Table 1.

Oral health assessment tools commonly used in ICUs

Tool	Content	Measurement	Validation	Other
Beck Oral Assessment Score (BOAS) Beck [66]	lips, tongue and mucosa, gingiva, teeth and saliva	5 items each with a four-point scale 1–4 Max score 20	No	Developed for assessment of stomatitis post chemotherapy and adopted with modification for ICU
Bedside oral exam (BOE) Prendergast et al. [42]	Lips, tongue, saliva, mucous membranes, gingiva, teeth and odour	8 Items each with a three-point scale 1–3 Max score 24	Yes	Modified from the Oral Assessment Guide (OAG) developed for assessment of mucositis post radiation therapy and adopted with modification for ICU
Mucosal Plaque Score (MPS) Henriksen et al. [67]	Plaque Mucosa	1–4 Point scale for each item Max score 8	No	Developed to assess oral care in the elderly
The BRUSHED Assessment Model Hayes and Jones [68]	Bleeding, redness, ulceration, saliva, halitosis, external factors, and debris	Mnemonic to aid nursing staff in detecting clinical signs of impaired oral health	No	Its use in ICU is not well documented