Table 3.

AD use and clinical outcomes at 1-year post-IS discharge by subgroups

Outcomes at one year	Unadjusted		Weight adjusted		NIHSS weight adjusted
	HR (95% CI)	P value	HR (95% CI)	P value	HR (95% CI)	P value
All-cause mortality
		0.3		0.615		0.661
Age ≥80 years	1.32 (1.18 to 1.48)	<0.001	1.28 (1.14 to 1.43)	<0.001	1.20 (1.06 to 1.36)	0.005
Age <80 years	1.46 (1.25 to 1.71)	<0.001	1.34 (1.14 to 1.58)	<0.001	1.26 (1.06 to 1.50)	0.01
		0.826		0.674		0.697
Female	1.32 (1.17 to 1.49)	<0.001	1.31 (1.15 to 1.48)	<0.001	1.23 (1.08 to 1.40)	0.002
Male	1.29 (1.11 to 1.50)	<0.001	1.25 (1.08 to 1.46)	0.004	1.18 (1.00 to 1.39)	0.057
		0.266		0.2934		0.348
White	1.29 (1.16 to 1.43)	<0.001	1.25 (1.13 to 1.39)	<0.001	1.18 (1.06 to 1.32)	0.003
Non-white	1.48 (1.19 to 1.85)	<0.001	1.44 (1.15 to 1.80)	0.002	1.34 (1.06 to 1.71)	0.016
		0.004		0.007		0.006
NIHSS >4	1.08 (0.95 to 1.22)	0.237	1.08 (0.95 to 1.22)	0.258	1.08 (0.95 to 1.23)	0.221
NIHSS ≤4	1.47 (1.24 to 1.73)	<0.001	1.44 (1.21 to 1.71)	<0.001	1.46 (1.23 to 1.73)	<0.001
		0.021		0.016		0.008
History of depression Yes	0.96 (0.73 to 1.27)	0.794	0.94 (0.72 to 1.24)	0.685	0.84 (0.63 to 1.13)	0.254
History of depression No	1.36 (1.23 to 1.49)	<0.001	1.35 (1.22 to 1.49)	<0.001	1.28 (1.15 to 1.43)	<0.001
All-cause readmission
		0.482		0.685		0.763
Age ≥80 years	1.20 (1.09 to 1.32)	<0.001	1.17 (1.06 to 1.29)	0.002	1.14 (1.03 to 1.27)	0.011
Age <80 years	1.27 (1.14 to 1.40)	<0.001	1.21 (1.09 to 1.34)	<0.001	1.17 (1.05 to 1.31)	0.005
		0.682		0.613		0.864
Female	1.20 (1.10 to 1.31)	<0.001	1.17 (1.07 to 1.28)	<0.001	1.15 (1.05 to 1.26)	0.004
Male	1.24 (1.12 to 1.37)	<0.001	1.21 (1.09 to 1.35)	<0.001	1.16 (1.04 to 1.30)	0.007
		0.439		0.526		0.396
White	1.21 (1.13 to 1.30)	<0.001	1.17 (1.09 to 1.26)	<0.001	1.14 (1.06 to 1.23)	<0.001
Non-white	1.30 (1.11 to 1.52)	0.001	1.24 (1.06 to 1.46)	0.009	1.24 (1.04 to 1.47)	0.016
		0.104		0.234		0.226
NIHSS >4	1.11 (1.01 to 1.22)	0.033	1.10 (1.00 to 1.21)	0.058	1.10 (1.00 to 1.21)	0.045
NIHSS ≤4	1.25 (1.12 to 1.39)	<0.001	1.20 (1.08 to 1.34)	0.001	1.21 (1.08 to 1.35)	<0.001
		0.011		0.008		0.016
History of depression yes	0.96 (0.80 to 1.16)	0.692	0.94 (0.79 to 1.13)	0.542	0.92 (0.76 to 1.12)	0.412
History of depression no	1.24 (1.15 to 1.33)	<0.001	1.23 (1.14 to 1.32)	<0.001	1.20 (1.11 to 1.29)	<0.001
MACE
		0.522		0.722		0.829
Age ≥80 years	1.17 (1.06 to 1.29)	0.002	1.16 (1.05 to 1.28)	0.004	1.10 (0.99 to 1.23)	0.074
Age <80years	1.23 (1.09 to 1.39)	<0.001	1.19 (1.05 to 1.34)	0.005	1.12 (0.99 to 1.28)	0.076
		0.969		0.945		0.887
Female	1.17 (1.06 to 1.30)	0.001	1.17 (1.06 to 1.29)	0.003	1.12 (1.00 to 1.24)	0.043
Male	1.18 (1.05 to 1.32)	0.005	1.16 (1.03 to 1.31)	0.011	1.10 (0.97 to 1.25)	0.139
		0.557		0.568		0.684
White	1.17 (1.08 to 1.27)	<0.001	1.15 (1.06 to 1.25)	<0.001	1.10 (1.01 to 1.20)	0.026
Non-white	1.24 (1.04 to 1.48)	0.018	1.22 (1.02 to 1.47)	0.031	1.15 (0.95 to 1.39)	0.146
		0.008		0.022		0.021
NIHSS >4	1.00 (0.90 to 1.11)	0.955	1.01 (0.91 to 1.12)	0.871	1.01 (0.91 to 1.13)	0.805
NIHSS ≤4	1.25 (1.11 to 1.41)	<0.001	1.23 (1.08 to 1.39)	0.001	1.24 (1.09 to 1.40)	<0.001
		0.038		0.027		0.037
History of depression yes	0.96 (0.78 to 1.18)	0.689	0.94 (0.76 to 1.16)	0.552	0.89 (0.71 to 1.11)	0.302
History of depression no	1.21 (1.12 to 1.31)	<0.001	1.21 (1.12 to 1.31)	<0.001	1.15 (1.06 to 1.25)	0.001

Italics denotes p value for the interaction of AD use and outcomes between subgroups.

Bold denotes statistically significant p value < 0.05.

AD, antidepressant; CV, cardiovascular; IS, ischaemic stroke; MACE, major adverse cardiac events; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale.