Table 2.

Descriptive results of the biggest change in parents’ daily lives after COVID-19, the biggest concerns in parents’ physical and psychological health, the main cause of parents’ stress, and the main way parents relieved stress before and after COVID-19 (N = 288)

	n	%
The biggest change in parents’ own life
Child’s school closure	236	81.9
Changes in household income	23	8.0
Problems with the physical health of themselves or their family	10	3.5
In quarantine	8	2.8
Other	11	3.8
The biggest concern regarding parents’ own physical health
Decrease in physical exercise	122	42.4
Weight gain	90	31.3
Difficulty with sleep	32	11.1
Poorer vision due to excessive use of electronic devices	17	5.9
Digestive problems	11	3.8
Other	16	5.6
The biggest concern regarding parents’ own psychological health
Nervousness	102	35.4
Lethargy	69	24.0
Loneliness due to limited social interactions	55	19.1
Anxiety	29	10.1
Depression	26	9.0
Fear of death	2	0.7
Other	5	1.7
The main cause of parents’ own stress
Staying at home for a much longer time than usual	124	43.1
Keeping socially distant	107	37.1
Extra burden of helping child with online classes	45	15.6
Other	12	4.2
Before the pandemic: the main way parents relieved their own stress
Face-to-face interactions with friends	90	31.3
Outdoor activities	74	25.7
Using electronic devices	56	19.4
Online interactions with friends	26	9.0
Indoor activities	22	7.6
Sleep	14	4.9
Other	6	2.1
After the pandemic: the main way parents relieved their own stress
Using electronic devices	135	46.9
Online interactions with friends	50	17.4
Indoor activities	50	17.4
Sleep	21	7.3
Outdoor activities	20	6.9
Face-to-face interactions with friends	3	1.0
Other	9	3.1