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. 2021 Oct 1;4(4):e388. doi: 10.1002/hsr2.388

TABLE 2.

Effects of time spent on gadgets on different physical and mental health

Variable Odds ratio SE P‐value
Headache
Intercept 0.245 0.14 <.001***
Time spent on gadgets
Not at all (ref) 1
1‐2 hours 1.14 0.178 .46
2‐4 hours 1.44 0.206 .07
4‐6 hours 1.55 0.202 .03*
>6 hours 2.41 0.347 .011*
Backache
Intercept 0.080 0.259 <.001***
Time spent on gadgets
Not at all (ref) 1
1‐2 hours 2.311 0.298 .005**
2‐4 hours 2.014 0.343 .041*
4‐6 hours 3.203 0.323 .0003***
>6 hours 4.664 0.469 .001**
Pain in limbs
Intercept 0.246 0.156 <.001***
Time spent on gadgets
Not at all (ref) 1
1‐2 hours 0.866 0.199 .473
2‐4 hours 1.027 0.234 .909
4‐6 hours 0.852 0.237 .500
>6 hours 1.052 0.452 .910
Visual disturbance
Intercept 0.139 0.209 <.001***
Time spent on gadgets
Not at all (ref) 1
1‐2 hours 1.781 0.251 .021*
2‐4 hours 1.665 0.299 .088
4‐6 hours 2.384 0.276 .001**
>6 hours 2.601 0.462 .038*
Sleeping disturbance
Intercept 0.079 0.277 <.001***
Time spent on gadgets
Not at all (ref) 1
1‐2 hours 2.908 0.317 <.001***
2‐4 hours 1.915 0.392 .097
4‐6 hours 5.926 0.331 <.001***
>6 hours 5.988 0.497 .0002***
Depression
Intercept 0.371 0.119 <.001***
Time spent on gadgets
Not at all (ref) 1
1‐2 hours 1.850 0.141 <.001***
2‐4 hours 1.077 0.161 .646
4‐6 hours 4.321 0.171 <.001***
>6 hours 3.911 0.314 <.001***
*

p < 0.05;

**

p < 0.01;

***

p < 0.001.