TABLE 6.
Effects of flaxseed-oil and fish-oil supplementation on monocyte bioenergetics parameters in women with obesity1
| Supplementation with flaxseed oil | Supplementation with DHA-rich fish oil | Pr > F for type 3 fixed effect | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| D0 | D28 | D0 | D28 | Day | Suppl. | Day*Suppl | |
| Unstimulated | |||||||
| Basal resp, pmol/min | 80.8 ± 22.8 | 59.7 ± 24.52 | 65.6 ± 19.4 | 62.3 ± 15.4 | 0.022 | 0.439 | 0.048 |
| Proton leak, pmol/min | 8.89 ± 12.2 | 5.47 ± 8.3 | 5.78 ± 6.2 | 6.98 ± 7.3 | 0.238 | 0.830 | 0.080 |
| Maximum resp, pmol/min | 152 ± 44.4 | 144 ± 31.8 | 147 ± 45.1 | 125 ± 22.8 | 0.129 | 0.244 | 0.471 |
| SRC, pmol/min | 71.0 ± 33.4 | 83.8 ± 30.1 | 80.8 ± 37.5 | 62.4 ± 20.2 | 0.698 | 0.514 | 0.058 |
| Non mito ox, pmol/min | 37.5 ± 21.1 | 39 ± 11.3 | 30.7 ± 6.6 | 36.3 ± 18 | 0.360 | 0.298 | 0.538 |
| ATP-linked OCR, pmol/min | 74.0 ± 18.6 | 55.5 ± 19.92 | 60.0 ± 22.9 | 55.3 ± 18.3 | 0.018 | 0.422 | 0.057 |
| Coupling effic,3 pmol/min | 0.948 ± 0.241 | 0.943 ± 0.124 | 0.889 ± 0.173 | 0.926 ± 0.211 | 0.280 | 0.546 | 0.579 |
| SRC,3,4 % | 1.91 ± 0.42 | 2.63 ± 0.9752 | 2.26 ± 0.649 | 2.37 ± 1.13 | 0.029 | 0.992 | 0.028 |
| OCR,3 pmol/min | 118 ± 33.2 | 98.8 ± 24.3 | 96.3 ± 21.6 | 98.6 ± 20.3 | 0.180 | 0.180 | 0.067 |
| ECAR, mpH/min | 27.7 ± 14.5 | 36.5 ± 18.1 | 31.2 ± 15.9 | 29.1 ± 17.1 | 0.613 | 0.610 | 0.110 |
| OCR/ECAR ratio3 | 4.88 ± 1.75 | 3.33 ± 1.85 | 3.98 ± 2.24 | 4.21 ± 1.85 | 0.293 | 0.785 | 0.021 |
| Change by LPS | |||||||
| ΔBasal resp,5 pmol/min | –26.4 ± 21.2 | –2.08 ± 23.52 | –8.68 ± 17.0 | –19.6 ± 15.5 | 0.213 | 0.867 | .0003 |
| ΔProton leak, pmol/min | 1.96 ± 5.09 | 7.07 ± 5.88 | 5.65 ± 6.12 | 3.31 ± 5.66 | 0.395 | 0.984 | 0.030 |
| ΔMaximum resp, pmol/min | –11.6 ± 23.9 | 20.2 ± 37.22 | 9.44 ± 25.1 | 5.05 ± 16.1 | 0.077 | 0.713 | 0.026 |
| ΔSRC, pmol/min | 14.8 ± 30.9 | 22.3 ± 25.4 | 19.2 ± 30.1 | 24.7 ± 22.8 | 0.409 | 0.662 | 0.899 |
| ΔNon mito ox, pmol/min | 11.1 ± 19.6 | 11.4 ± 16.0 | 4.92 ± 12.8 | 10.5 ± 21.1 | 0.472 | 0.530 | 0.488 |
| ΔATP-linked OCR, pmol/min | –27.9 ± 18.9 | –9.72 ± 21.32 | –14.6 ± 19.6 | –23.0 ± 16.5 | 0.459 | 0.796 | 0.001 |
| ΔCoupling efficiency,3 pmol/min | –0.043 ± 0.163 | –0.125 ± 0.150 | –0.089 ± 0.166 | –0.176 ± 0.229 | 0.082 | 0.347 | 0.942 |
| ΔSRC,3 % | 0.875 ± 1.17 | 0.399 ± 0.725 | 0.701 ± 0.699 | 0.832 ± 1.167 | 0.557 | 0.581 | 0.221 |
| ΔOCR,5 pmol/min | –15.3 ± 17.3 | 9.30 ± 23.12 | –3.76 ± 21.1 | –9.15 ± 21 | 0.071 | 0.525 | 0.003 |
| ΔECAR, mpH/min | 23.3 ± 13.0 | 17.5 ± 11.1 | 13.6 ± 15.2 | 21.1 ± 13.9 | 0.692 | 0.518 | 0.048 |
| ΔOCR/ECAR ratio | –2.86 ± 1.96 | –1.37 ± 1.80 | –1.44 ± 1.87 | –2.32 ± 1.49 | 0.894 | 0.895 | 0.003 |
1
Concentrations are shown as means ± SDs; n = 12–15 for unstimulated and n = 10–14 for change by LPS. Differences of least square means and adjusted P values are in Supplemental Table 8. ECAR, extracellular acidification rate; mito, mitochondrial; OCR, oxygen consumption rate; ox, oxidation; resp, respiration; SRC, spare respiratory capacity.
2
Indicates difference (P < 0.05) from Day 0 of the same phase.
3
Log transformed for statistics.
4
One outlier removed.
5
Phase order effect (refer to Supplemental Table 1 for values separated by phase).