TABLE 2.

DATA ELEMENTS TO BE COLLECTED IN MAT-LINK

Category	Variables
Maternal health history	• Demographic information • Social determinants of health (e.g., education, incarceration status, insurance status, and zip code) • Prepregnancy height and weight • Pre-existing conditions   ⚬ Psychosocial history   ⚬ Substance use disorders   ⚬ Mental health conditions   ⚬ Other chronic conditions
During and after current pregnancy	• Prenatal visits •Pregnancy weight • Obstetric history • Pregnancy-related infectious and noninfectious conditions • OUD treatment and other medications—including timing, dose, duration, and frequency when available   ⚬ Opioid use before OUD treatment initiation   ⚬ OUD pharmacologic treatment (methadone, buprenorphine ± naloxone, naltrexone, and other site-specific options)   ⚬ Medically supervised withdrawal ± medications   ⚬ Psychosocial/behavioral therapy o Opioid-related return to use   ⚬ Overdose (opioid and nonopioid) • Maternal prenatal and postdelivery substance exposure test results • Recreational substance use—including timing, dose, duration, and frequency when available   ⚬ Alcohol   ⚬ CBD oil (e.g., vaped or ingested)   ⚬ Cigarettes/cigarillos   ⚬ Cocaine   ⚬ Hallucinogens (e.g., LSD, PCP, and ecstasy)   ⚬ Inhalants (e.g., glue, nitrous oxide, and felt tips)   ⚬ Kratom   ⚬ Marijuana (e.g., blunts, cannabinoids, hashish, and THC)   ⚬ Methamphetamine   ⚬ Other tobacco substances (e.g., vaping [e-cigarettes with nicotine], cigars, and smokeless tobacco [e.g., snus, snuff, chew, and hookah]) • Method of contraception at postpartum follow-up • Emergency department visits and nondelivery hospitalizations • Maternal death
Delivery (maternal) hospitalization	• Pregnancy outcome • Plurality • Delivery complications, location, and type • Medications administered during labor and delivery • Discharge destination and length of hospital stay
Birth (neonatal) hospitalization	• Infant sex • Measurements at birth or first measurement • Neonatal resuscitation measures in the delivery room • Newborn screening (e.g., blood spot testing, congenital heart disease, and hearing loss) • Newborn substance exposure test results • Newborn conditions, including the following:   ⚬ Anemia   ⚬ Asphyxia   ⚬ ECMO, number of days on ECMO   ⚬ Hemolytic disease   ⚬ Interventricular hemorrhage   ⚬ Intrauterine growth restriction/small for gestational age   ⚬ Hyperbilirubinemia/jaundice   ⚬ Necrotizing enterocolitis   ⚬ Oxygen administered   ⚬ PDA   ⚬ Major congenital anomaly/birth defects   ⚬ Sepsis   ⚬ Vertical transmission of infectious diseases • NAS   ⚬ NAS protocol   ⚬ Newborn signs and symptoms related to NAS,a including the following:    ◼ Autonomic dysfunction (e.g., sneezing, nasal congestion, yawning, fever, and cutaneous mottling)    ◼ Diarrhea or loose stools    ◼ Feeding problems (e.g., vomiting and poor feeding)    ◼ Hypertonia    ◼ Hyperactive Moro reflex    ◼ Irritability (e.g., continuous, excessive, or high-pitched cry and poor sleep)    ◼ Myoclonus    ◼ Respiratory distress/symptoms    ◼ Seizures    ◼ Tremors • Pharmacologic newborn management, including timing, dose, duration, and frequency • Nonpharmacologic newborn management   ⚬ Feeding method (e.g., breastfeeding or formula feeding)   ⚬ Rooming-in • Hospitalization location(s) and length of stay • NICU admission • Newborn death before discharge • Discharge weight, destination, and newborn living situation • Discharge planning (e.g., plan of safe care, child protective services referral, and pediatrician identified for follow-up) • Readmission or emergency room visit after birth hospitalization within 28 days related to NAS, treatment given, and length of stay
Child health history	• Primary care provider visits   ⚬ Primary reason for visit   ⚬ Growth measurements   ⚬ Developmental and behavioral surveillance and results from screening instruments • Referral to specialists and receipt of services (e.g., WIC, Early Head Start, and Early Intervention [Part C]) • All diagnoses and medications • Laboratories (genetic, separate from newborn screen; lead; and infectious diseases) • Dates of hospitalization, emergency room or urgent care visits, and surgeries • Child death

^aSigns and symptoms of NAS will be site specific and depend on the NAS protocols used at each site.

CBD, cannabinoid; ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; ISD, lysergic acid diethylamide; PCP, phencyclidine; PDA, patent ductus artaiosus; THC, tetrahydrocannabinol; WIC, The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children.