Table 3.
Meta-analysis results of all outcome indicators in the available studies
| Measured Outcomes | Subgroup | No. studies | No. Patients | Heterogeneity Test | Model | RR/WMD | 95% CI | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||||||
| I2 (%) | P | ||||||||
| Operative time (min) | RCT | 8 | 1670 vs 1651 | 95 | <0.00001 | Random | 43.08 | 26.11~60.05 | <0.00001 |
| RCS | 23 | 2971 vs. 3545 | 97 | <0.00001 | Random | 44.55 | 28.78~60.33 | <0.00001 | |
| Proximal resection margin | RCT | 3 | 1254 vs 1238 | 0 | 0.89 | Fixed | -0.35 | -0.55~-0.14 | 0.0008 |
| RCS | 8 | 1582 vs. 1884 | 21 | 0.26 | Fixed | -0.17 | -0.33~0.00 | 0.05 | |
| Distal resection margin (cm) | RCT | 3 | 1254 vs 1238 | 0 | 0.89 | Fixed | -0.15 | -0.36~0.05 | 0.14 |
| RCS | 7 | 1123 vs. 1446 | 28 | 0.21 | Fixed | 0.04 | -0.12~0.21 | 0.6 | |
| Hospital stay (d) | RCT | 7 | 1625 vs. 1601 | 88 | <0.00001 | Random | -0.91 | -1.87~0.06 | 0.07 |
| RCS | 19 | 2916 vs. 3350 | 86 | <0.00001 | Random | -2.45 | -3.13~-1.77 | <0.00001 | |
| Estimated blood loss (ml) | RCT | 6 | 1525 vs. 1505 | 93 | <0.00001 | Random | -41.83 | -69.24~-14.41 | 0.003 |
| RCS | 20 | 2784 vs. 3375 | 97 | <0.00001 | Rondom | -95.99 | -124.90~-67.07 | <0.00001 | |
| Intraoperative transfusion | RCT | 3 | 903 vs 900 | 0 | 0.56 | Random | 0.77 | 0.56~1.05 | 0.1 |
| RCS | 7 | 1186 vs. 990 | 60 | 0.02 | Random | 0.5 | 0.32~0.78 | 0.002 | |
| Time to oral intake (d) | RCT | 6 | 1106 vs. 1081 | 83 | <0.0001 | Random | -0.4 | -0.78~-0.01 | 0.04 |
| RCS | 14 | 2167 vs. 2276 | 88 | <0.00001 | Random | -0.96 | -1.27~-0.65 | <0.00001 | |
| Time to first flatus (d) | RCT | 7 | 1570 vs 1555 | 82 | <0.00001 | Random | -0.3 | -0.53~-0.07 | 0.01 |
| RCS | 15 | 2488 vs. 2842 | 93 | <0.00001 | Random | -0.74 | -0.95~-0.53 | <0.00001 | |
| Time to ambulation (d) | RCT | 4 | 952 vs 947 | 97 | <0.00001 | Random | -0.43 | -1.1~0.24 | 0.21 |
| RCS | 7 | 1408 vs. 1307 | 94 | <0.00001 | Random | -0.86 | -1.21~-0.52 | <0.00001 | |
| Overall complications | RCT | 7 | 1610 vs 1591 | 48 | 0.07 | Random | 0.78 | 0.61~1 | 0.05 |
| RCS | 26 | 3128 vs. 3808 | 0 | 0.51 | Random | 0.82 | 0.73~0.92 | 0.0007 | |
| Serious complications | RCT | 6 | 1506 vs 1493 | 13 | 0.33 | Fixed | 0.93 | 0.69~1.24 | 0.62 |
| RCS | 11 | 1867 vs. 2203 | 7 | 0.38 | Fixed | 0.78 | 0.63~0.97 | 0.03 | |
| Lymph node dissection | RCT | 8 | 2144 vs. 2121 | 0 | 0.7 | Random | -0.55 | -1.17~0.07 | 0.08 |
| RCS | 21 | 2556 vs. 2961 | 66 | <0.00001 | Random | 0.33 | -0.70~1.37 | 0.53 | |
| R0 rate | RCT | 2 | 558 vs 548 | 52 | 0.15 | Random | 1.01 | 0.95~1.08 | 0.68 |
| RCS | 7 | 1677 vs. 1956 | 0 | 0.6 | Random | 1 | 1.00~1.00 | 0.99 | |
| Recurrence rate | RCT | 3 | 740 vs. 736 | 0 | 0.95 | Random | 1.14 | 0.91~1.44 | 0.25 |
| RCS | 13 | 2210 vs. 2582 | 31 | 0.13 | Random | 0.92 | 0.82~1.03 | 0.14 | |
| 3-year DFS | RCS | 4 | 325 vs. 496 | 26 | 0.26 | Fixed | 1.13 | 1.04~1.23 | 0.005 |
| 3-year OS | RCS | 9 | 1407 vs. 1431 | 42 | 0.08 | Random | 1.11 | 1.03~1.19 | 0.004 |
| 5-year DFS | RCS | 13 | 2312 vs. 2798 | 0 | 0.92 | Fixed | 1.05 | 1.00~1.11 | 0.04 |
| 5-year OS | RCS | 17 | 2753 vs. 3242 | 0 | 0.57 | Fixed | 1.05 | 1.01~1.10 | 0.02 |
RCT: Randomized controlled trial, RCS: Retrospective cohort study, PCS: Prospective cohort studies, RR: Relative risk, WMD: Weighted mean difference, CI: Confidence interval, No.: Number of, OS: Overall survival, severe complications: C-D grade 3 and above, DFS: Disease-free survival, NA: Not applicable. P<0.05 indicates a significant difference