. 2021 Oct 1;16(10):e0257607. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257607

Table 1. Sample characterization.

	HIIT (n = 8)	CRT (n = 6)	CG (n = 8)	p value
	Baseline	Baseline	Baseline	p value
Male (n, %)	5 (62.5)	4 (66.7)	7 (87.5)	0.590^a
Age (years)	60.9 ± 9.7	55.0 ± 10.9	56.0 ± 9.7	0.497^b
BMI (kg/m²)	29.4 ± 5.2	32.9 ± 6.5	28.6 ± 4.5	0.706^b
*Classification*
NYHA I/II (n, %)	3 (37.5) / 3 (37.5)	2 (33.3) / 3 (50.0)	5 (62.5) / 2 (25.0)	0.831^a
NYHA III (n, %)	2 (25.0)	1 (16.7)	1 (12.5)	0.831^a
Weber Class I/II (n, %)	3 (37.5) / 1 (12.5)	1 (16.7) / 3 (50.0)	5 (50.0) / 3 (37.5)	0.421^a
Weber Class III (n, %)	4 (50.0)	2 (33.3)	1 (12.5)	0.421^a
HFrEF (n, %)	3 (37.5)	3 (50.0)	2 (25.0)	0.273^a
HFmEF (n, %)	0 (0.0)	2 (33.3)	3 (37.5)
HFpEF (n, %)	5 (62.5)	1 (16.7)	3 (33.3)
*Cardiorespiratory fitness*
$\dot{V} O_{2}$ peak (mL/kg/min)	17.5 ± 4.2	16.9 ± 2.5	20.2 ± 3.3	0.186^b
$\dot{V} O_{2}$ peak (mL/min)	1437.3 ± 411.3	1565.7 ± 365.6	1605.0 ± 458.4	0.712^b
Cycling peak power output (Watt)	96.8 ± 26.3	104.2 ± 27.7	123.3 ± 35.2	0.225^b
*Echocardiogram*
LVEF Simpson (%)	50.4 ± 17.0	42.2 ± 13.5	46.8 ± 14.4	0.614^b
*Pulmonary Function*
MIP (cmH₂O)	83.8 ± 38.5	83.0 ± 34.5	103.5 ± 28.5	0.511^b
FVE₁ (L/s)	2.3 ± 0.7	2.3 ± 0.9	2.5 ± 0.8	0.888^b
FVC (L)	3.2 ± 0.9	3.0 ± 1.1	3.2 ± 0.8	0.904^b
FVE₁/FVC (%)	70.4 ± 8.2	74.5 ± 7.6	76.0 ± 11.4	0.522^c
*Etiology for HF*
Ischaemic (n, %)	5 (62.5)	4 (66.7)	7 (87.5)	0.566^a
Hypertension (n, %)	1 (12.5)	1 (16.7)	0 (0.0)
Idiophatic (n, %)	2 (25.0)	1 (16.7)	1 (12.5)
Coronary Artery Disease (n, %)	4 (50.0)	4 (66.7)	7 (87.5)	0.279^a
*Risk Factors*
Arterial Hypertension (n, %)	4 (50.0)	4 (66.7)	4 (50.0)	0.758^a
Diabetes Mellitus (n, %)	3 (37.5)	3 (50.0)	2 (25.0)	0.853^a
Dyslipidaemia (n, %)	5 (62.5)	5 (83.3)	6 (75.0)	0.842^a
Obesity (n, %)	4 (50.0)	4 (66.7)	3 (37.5)	0.520^a
*Drugs*
Beta-blocker (n, %)	7 (87.5)	5 (83.3)	8 (100.0)	0.723^a
ACE-inhibitors (n, %)	4 (50.0)	4 (66.7)	7 (87.5)	0.279^a
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (n, %)	1 (12.5)	1 (16.7)	2 (25.0)	1.000^a
Loop Diuretics (n, %)	6 (75.0)	5 (83.3)	4 (50.0)	0.522^a
Antiplatelet (n, %)	3 (37.5)	5 (83.3)	3 (37.5)	0.216^a
Statins (n, %)	4 (50.0)	5 (83.3)	7 (87.5)	0.290^a
Coronary Vasodilators (n, %)	2 (25.0)	0 (0.0)	1 (12.5)	0.751^a
Antacids (n, %)	0 (0.0)	1 (16.7)	2 (25.0)	0.460^a
Antiarrhythmic (n, %)	1 (12.5)	0 (0.0)	2 (25.0)	0.751^a
Antidiabetic (n, %)	2 (25.0)	2 (33.3)	2 (25.0)	1.000^a
Anticoagulants (n, %)	1 (12.5)	0 (0.0)	2 (25.0)	0.751^a

Values are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD) and frequencies (%). HIIT, high-intensity interval training; CRT, circuit-resistance training; CG, control group; BMI, Body Mass Index; kg, kilogram; m², squared meter; NYHA, New York Heart Association Functional Classification); HFrEF, heart failure reduced ejection fraction; HFmEF, heart failure mid-range ejection fraction; HFpEF, heart failure preserved ejection fraction; $\dot{V} O_{2}$ peak, oxygen consumption uptake; mL, mililiter; min, minute; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; MIP, maximum inspiratory pressure; cmH₂O, centimeters of water; FVE₁, forced expiratory volume in first second; L/s, liters per second; FVC, forced vital capacity; L, liters; FVE₁/FVC, ratio between forced expiratory volume in first second and forced vital capacity; ICD, implantable cardioverter-defibrillator; CP, cardiac pacemaker; ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme.

^a Fisher’s Exact Test.

^b One-way ANOVA.

^c Kruskal-Wallis H Test.

*p ≤0.05.