Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Feb 4.
Published in final edited form as: Spinal Cord. 2021 Aug 4;59(9):939–947. doi: 10.1038/s41393-021-00665-x

Table 3.

Endorsement rates for Voiders with MS or SCI

USQNB-V Symptom Endorsement Rate (%)
SCI MS
n 103 405
Cloudiness 72.8% 58.8%
Dark urine 72.5% 52.8%
Bad, foul or stronger smelling urine 72.3% 58.8%
Sediment discharge in urine 41.6% 15.1%
Blood in urine 34.7% 19.5%
Increased frequency of urination 69.3% 89.9%
Urinary urgency 55.4% 72.3%
Urge incontinence 72.3% 80.2%
Sensation of urgency/empty bladder 35.6% 38.8%
Small release of urine 69.3% 82.7%
Inability to fully empty bladder 62.4% 62.4%
Weak urine stream 50.5% 58.2%
Bladder spasms 49.5% 38.1%
Malaise, feeling unwell 74.3% 68.1%
Fatigue 83.2% 95.0%
Muscle weakness 60.4% 81.4%
Difficulty ambulating (walking) 48.5% 72.1%
Worsening of motor function 41.0% 46.8%
Increase in spasticity (not bladder spasms) 46.0% 46.8%
Chills 60.0% 44.3%
Sweating 57.0% 56.4%
Fever 43.0% 37.1%
Nausea 48.5% 43.1%
Vomiting 27.3% 21.3%
Difficulty thinking, mental fogginess, forgetfulness 51.5% 72.3%
Autonomic Dysreflexia **SCI ONLY** 43.9%
Multiple Sclerosis Flare-up (relapse, attack) **MS ONLY** 65.8%

NOTES: USQNB-V: Urinary Symptom Questionnaire for Neurogenic Bladder or Neurogenic Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction – for voiding; SCI=spinal cord injury; MS=multiple sclerosis were analyzed separately.