Fig. 2.

Scheme of the mechanisms of action of various antivirals against SARS-CoV-2. Protease inhibitors act against the protease activity of the two coronavirus polyproteins, which prevents its self-cleavage into various non-structural viral proteins. RDRP inhibitors prevent the production of genomic and subgenomic RNAs (sgRNAs). PegIFNλ-1a stimulates the innate antiviral state in its target cells, perhaps most notably by turning off host translation machinery through activation of protein kinase R (PKR) among other antiviral effectors.