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. 2020 Jul 4;7(4):322–327. doi: 10.1016/j.wjorl.2020.05.007

Fig. 3.

Fig. 3

The range of nasal ventilation expansion surgeries (NVESs) and the relationship of NVES with septoplasty. NVES covers most of the surgical aspects of structural nasal obstruction, and septoplasty is only one part of NVES. FESS: functional endoscopic sinus surgery; MS: maxillary sinus; ES: ethmoidal sinus.