Table 1.
Demographic information of included studies.
| Author (year) | Country | OLE | Subjects (n) | Age (years) | DOS (d) | Treatment Context | HBOT setting (atm, duration) | Number of HBOT sessions | Cure rate (%) | DOF (m) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mader (1982) | USA | 4 | 1 | 55 | 24 | Refractory | 2.5, 90 min | 20 | 100 | 6 |
| Joachims (1988) | Israel | 4 | 1 | 63 | 30 | Refractory | 2.8, 90 min | 40 | 0 | 12 |
| Shupak (1989) | Israel | 4 | 2 | 79a | 28 | Refractory | 2.5, 90 min | 28a | 100 | 19.5a |
| Davis (1992) | USA | 4 | 16 | 67a | – | Refractory | 2.4, 90 min | 30a | 100 | 54a |
| Gordon (1994) | USA | 4 | 2 | 75a | 183a | Refractory | 2, 90 min | 27a | 50 | 15a |
| Bath (1998) | UK | 4 | 1 | 46 | – | Refractory | 1.5, 60 min | 27 | 100 | 60 |
| Genden (1998) | UK | 4 | 1 | 80 | 35 | Refractory | – | – | 100 | – |
| Lancaster (2000) | UK | 4 | 1 | 58 | 61 | Refractory | – | 14 | 0 | – |
| Marzo (2003) | USA | 4 | 3 | 56a | 35.7a | Refractory | – | 29a | 66 | 11a |
| Okpala (2005) | UK | 4 | 1 | 72 | 14 | Concomitant | – | – | 100 | – |
| Singh (2005) | Oman | 4 | 1 | 54 | 30 | Concomitant | 2.5, 30 min | 34 | 100 | 36 |
| Narozny (2006) | Poland | 4 | 8 | 64a | – | Concomitant | 2.5, 70 min | 24a | 100 | 30.1a |
| Ling (2008) | Australia | 4 | 1 | 77 | 35 | Concomitant | 2.4, - | 30 | 100 | 24 |
| Leahy (2011) | Australia | 4 | 1 | 76 | – | Refractory | – | 54 | 100 | – |
| Manso (2016) | Portugal | 4 | 1 | 81 | 30 | Concomitant | – | – | 100 | 1 |
| Amaro (2019) | Portugal | 4 | 16 | 71a | – | Refractory | – | 34a | 100 | – |
| Total/Average | 58 | 68 (36–84) | 43 (14–183) | 30 (5–80) | 91.4 | 25.5 (1–60) |
Treatment context refers to whether HBOT was used concomitantly or after failing medical therapy or surgery (refractory).
OLE: oxford level of evidence; DOS: duration of symptoms; HBOT: hyperbaric oxygen therapy; DOF: duration of follow-up; d: days; n: number of subjects; atm: atmosphere; min: minutes; m: months.
a
Average of reported cases.