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. 2021 Oct 1;11:19572. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-98883-z

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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There was a chromosome 6 signal associated with the Nicotine Metabolite Ratio in African American males which was not significant in African American females. The nicotine metabolite ratio was rank-transformed for analysis. A regional plot, generated using LocusZoom⁴⁴ (freely available at locuszoom.org), shows the top overall chromosome 6 variant (rs9379805) in AA males (a); the influence of rs9379805 on the Nicotine Metabolite Ratio (NMR) in AA males is shown in (b). The chromosome 6 locus containing rs9379805 was not significant in AA females (c); the lack of influence of rs9379805 on the NMR in AA females is shown in (d). Linkage disequilibrium patterns in (a) and (c) are based upon the hg19/1000 Genomes November 2014 release African reference population. The plots in (b) and (d) were created using SPSS version 23 (can be purchased from IBM, Armonk, New York, USA). The black horizontal line represents the mean rank-transformed NMR in each group, and the P-value is from the GWAS after adjusting for population substructure and NMR covariates.