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. 2021 Oct 1;11:19536. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-97768-5

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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IgLONs mRNA expression in the developing thalamus. In situ hybridization of coronal sections of the thalamus from E16, P0, and 15 mice with antisense cRNA probes for IgLON transcripts. IgLON1 mRNA was detected in the medial habenula (MHb), laterodorsal thalamic nucleus (LD), and ventral anterolateral thalamic nucleus (VAL) at all ages examined. IgLON1 mRNA was also detected in additional nuclei, such as the ventral posteromedial thalamic nucleus (VPM) and ventral posterolateral thalamic nucleus (VPL) at P0 and P15, respectively (A–C). IgLON2 showed expression in the lateral habenula (LHb), the lateroposterior thalamic nucleus (LP), LD, VAL, VPM, VPL, and the mediodorsal thalamic nucleus (MD) at all ages analyzed (D–F). At E16 and P0, IgLON2 could also be detected in the centromedial thalamic nucleus (CM), and expression in the PVT was observed at P15 (D–F). IgLON3 was detected in the MHb, LHb, PVT, and MD (G–I). At P15, expression could also be detected in the LD, VPM, and VPL (I). At E16, IgLON4 showed expression in the LHb, MHb, PVT, LP, LD, MD, CM, VPL, and the ventromedial thalamic nucleus (VM) (J). IgLON4 was also observed in the majority of these nuclei at P0 and P15 (K, L). IgLON5 mRNA expression was visible in the MHb at all ages analyzed. Low levels of expression were also detected in most thalamic nuclei. (M–O). All scale bars = 500 µm.