Table 4.
The ability of acoustic emissions and kinematic instability (AUC > 0.600) to detect specific osteoarthritic changes in males.
| Signal | Medial joint space narrowing (no = 22/yes = 21) | Lateral joint space narrowing (no = 39/yes = 4) | Medial femoral osteophytes (no = 36/yes = 7) | Medial tibial osteophytes (no = 18/yes = 25) | Lateral femoral osteophytes (no = 39/yes = 4) | Lateral tibial osteophytes (no = 29/yes = 14) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | ||||||
| BMI | p = 0.008 | |||||
| AE medial extension skewness (hf) | p = 0.013 | |||||
| AE lateral flexion ratio (hf and lf) | ||||||
| AE lateral extension skewness (hf) | ||||||
| AE lateral flexion ratio (hf and cl) | ||||||
| AE lateral sit-to-stand ratio (hf and lf) | ||||||
| AE lateral sit-to-stand ratio (hf and cl) | ||||||
| AE lateral sit-to-stand skewness (lf) | p = 0.007 | |||||
| AE lateral sit-to-stand kurtosis (lf) | p = 0.007 | |||||
| Kinematic instability | p = 0.040 |
The absence or presence of osteoarthritic changes on conventional radiography are given in parentheses (no/yes), and corresponding statistically significant p-values for each biomarker.
AE acoustic emission, BMI body mass index, hf high frequency, lf low frequency, cl clicks, all high and low frequency.